California Alpine Dry Tundra

EVT 7136Mediterranean California Alpine Dry Tundra
CES206.939GNRHerbGrassland
Summary
These dry meadows typically occur between 3200 and 4500 m (9700-13,600 feet) elevation in the northern Sierra Nevada, Klamath Mountains and Cascade Range. They are typically found on gentle to steep slopes, flat ridges and upper basins where the soil is thin and the water supply is constant and strongly regulated by snowpatch patterns. These sites are generally very well-drained and xeric once the snow melts. The system is commonly composed of a mosaic of small-patch plant communities that are dominated by sedges, grasses and forbs. Characteristic species include Phlox diffusa, Phlox covillei, Erigeron pygmaeus, Podistera nevadensis, Carex congdonii, Calamagrostis purpurascens, Eriogonum incanum, Carlquistia muirii (= Raillardella muirii), Castilleja nana, Erigeron compositus, Eriogonum ovalifolium, Eriogonum gracilipes, etc. There is a rocky mesic version of this system with Hulsea algida, Saxifraga tolmiei, Carex helleri, Ranunculus eschscholtzii, Polemonium eximium, Salix reticulata (rarely), Oxyria digyna, Sibbaldia procumbens, etc. that could be found near snowmelt patches generally on sheltered, steep, rocky slopes. Alpine dry tundra typically intermingles with alpine bedrock and scree, ice field, fell-field, alpine dwarf-shrubland, and alpine/subalpine wet meadows.
Source: NatureServe Explorer
Distribution
This system occurs between 3200 and 4500 m (9700-13,600 feet) elevation in the northern Sierra Nevada, Klamath Mountains, and Cascade Range of California, Nevada and Oregon.
Source: NatureServe Explorer
Ecologically Associated Plant Species

Plant species that characterize this ecosystem type, organized by vegetation stratum. These are species ecologically associated with the ecosystem, not confirmed present in any specific area.

Short shrub/sapling

Salix reticulata

Herb (field)

Calamagrostis breweri, Calamagrostis purpurascens, Carex congdonii, Carex helleri, Carex vernacula, Carlquistia muirii, Castilleja nana, Erigeron compositus, Erigeron pygmaeus, Eriogonum gracilipes, Eriogonum incanum, Eriogonum ovalifolium, Hulsea algida, Micranthes tolmiei, Oxyria digyna, Phlox covillei, Phlox diffusa, Podistera nevadensis, Polemonium eximium, Ranunculus eschscholtzii, Sibbaldia procumbens, Trisetum spicatum
Source: NatureServe Ecological System assessment
Ecologically Associated Animals (2)

Animal species ecologically associated with this ecosystem type based on NatureServe assessment. These are species whose habitat requirements overlap with this ecosystem, not confirmed present in any specific roadless area.

Birds (1)

Common NameScientific NameG-Rank
Gray-crowned Rosy-FinchLeucosticte tephrocotisG5

Other (1)

Common NameScientific NameG-Rank
American PipitAnthus rubescensG5
Source: NatureServe Ecological System assessment
At-Risk Species Associated with this Ecosystem (4)

Species with conservation concern that are ecologically associated with this ecosystem type. G-Rank indicates global conservation status: G1 (critically imperiled) through G5 (secure). ESA status indicates U.S. Endangered Species Act listing.

Common NameScientific NameG-RankESA Status
Muir's TarplantCarlquistia muiriiG2--
Pygmy FleabaneErigeron pygmaeusG3?--
White Mountain BuckwheatEriogonum gracilipesG3G4--
Sierra Jacob's-ladderPolemonium eximiumG3?--
Source: NatureServe Ecological System assessment
Component Associations (3)

Plant community associations that occur within this ecological system. Associations are the finest level of the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC) and describe specific, repeating assemblages of plant species. Each association represents a distinct community type that may be found where this ecosystem occurs.

NameG-Rank
Calamagrostis purpurascens - Linanthus pungens Alpine Fell-fieldGNR NatureServe
Carex helleri - Eriogonum incanum - Raillardella argentea Alpine MeadowG3 NatureServe
Carex helleri - Saxifraga tolmiei - Luzula spicata Alpine MeadowG3 NatureServe
State Conservation Ranks (3)

Subnational conservation status ranks (S-ranks) assigned by Natural Heritage Programs in each state where this ecosystem occurs. S1 indicates critically imperiled at the state level, S2 imperiled, S3 vulnerable, S4 apparently secure, and S5 secure. An ecosystem may be globally secure but imperiled in specific states at the edge of its range.

StateS-Rank
CASNR
NVSNR
ORSNR
Roadless Areas (2)

Inventoried Roadless Areas where this ecosystem is present, identified from LANDFIRE 2024 Existing Vegetation Type spatial analysis. Coverage indicates the proportion of each area occupied by this ecosystem type.

California (2)

AreaForestCoverageHectares
Laurel McgeeInyo National Forest1.4%48.6
Glass MountainInyo National Forest0.8%163.8
Methodology and Data Sources

Ecosystem classification: Ecosystems are classified using the LANDFIRE 2024 Existing Vegetation Type (EVT) layer, mapped to NatureServe Terrestrial Ecological Systems via a curated crosswalk. Each EVT is linked to the USNVC (U.S. National Vegetation Classification) hierarchy through pixel-level co-occurrence analysis of LANDFIRE EVT and NatureServe IVC Group rasters across all roadless areas.

Vegetation coverage: Coverage percentages and hectares are derived from zonal statistics of the LANDFIRE 2024 EVT raster intersected with roadless area boundaries.

Ecosystem narratives and community species: Sourced from the NatureServe Explorer API, representing professional ecological assessments of vegetation composition, environmental setting, dynamics, threats, and characteristic species assemblages.

IVC hierarchy: The International Vegetation Classification hierarchy is sourced from the USNVC v3.0 Catalog, providing the full classification from Biome through Association levels.

Component associations: Plant community associations listed as components of each NatureServe Ecological System. Association data from the NatureServe Explorer API.

State ranks: Conservation status ranks assigned by NatureServe member programs in each state where the ecosystem occurs.