Roadless Areas
Home/Species/ Bristly-stem Sidalcea

Sidalcea hirtipes

C.L. Hitchc.

Bristly-stem Sidalcea

G2Imperiled Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G2ImperiledGlobal Rank
Very high - highThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.147742
Element CodePDMAL110C0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderMalvales
FamilyMalvaceae
GenusSidalcea
Other Common Names
Bristly-stem Checkerbloom (EN) bristlystem checkerbloom (EN) Bristly-stemmed Sidalcea (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-07-05
Change Date1991-02-08
Edition Date2024-07-05
Edition AuthorsKagan, J., S. Vrilakas, and K. Maybury, rev. A. Treher (2012), rev. C. Nordman (2024).
Threat ImpactVery high - high
Range Extent5000-20,000 square km (about 2000-8000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences21 - 80
Rank Reasons
Bristly-stem Sidalcea (Sidalcea hirtipes) occurs in western North America, in the northwestern United States, in western Oregon and western Washington in the Coast Range, Puget Lowlands, and Western Cascades Lowlands and Valleys physiographic provinces. It is restricted to prairie, coastal bluffs and headlands, meadows and other moist, grassy, open sites. There are estimated to be about 35 occurrences, including on the Siuslaw and Gifford Pinchot National Forests. Threat impacts are high or very high, threats include coastal development and land conversion, road construction and maintenance, grazing by elk and deer, invasive species (Canada thistle and peppermint), alteration of the hydrologic regime, and lack of fire and fire suppression, which is facilitating the succession of coastal grasslands to spruce forests.
Range Extent Comments
Bristly-stem Sidalcea (Sidalcea hirtipes) occurs in western North America, in the northwestern United States, in western Oregon and western Washington. It occurs in Washington in Clark, Lewis, and Wahkiakum Counties and in Oregon in Clatsop, Lincoln, and Tillamook Counties, and in the Coast Range, Puget Lowlands, and Western Cascades Lowlands and Valleys physiographic provinces. Range extent was estimated to be 18,820 square kilometers, using herbarium specimens, photo-based observation data, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1993 and 2024 (Hitchcock and Cronquist 1973, Swartz and Stein 2011, FNA 2015, GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences Comments
Based on herbarium records and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, and anecdotal evidence, there are (about 35 and) between 21 and 80 occurrences of Bristly-stem Sidalcea (Sidalcea hirtipes) rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024). As of 2011, there were 32 known site areas, including 19 in Oregon and 13 in Washington (Swartz and Stein 2011).
Threat Impact Comments
Threats include coastal development and land conversion, road construction and maintenance, grazing by elk and deer, invasive species (Canada thistle and peppermint), alteration of the hydrologic regime, and lack of fire and fire suppression, which is facilitating the succession of coastal grasslands to spruce forests (Salstrom 1994, Hamman et al. 2011, Swartz and Stein 2011).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

This species grows usually in mesic or moist, open places in fields, hedgerows, meadows and along streams in the coastal mountains to beach bluffs (never found on tidal flats, however). Habitat includes prairie remnants, meadows, and coastal bluffs and headlands, usually on basaltic, silty clay loam soils, occurring at elevations usually of 0 - 200 m, but also at higher elevations up to 1135 m (Salstrom 1994, Swartz and Stein 2011, FNA 2015, Fertig 2020).

Reproduction

Plants reproduce sexually predominantly by outcrossing; it grows in colonies spreading vegetatively and producing clones, with coarse, cordlike rhizomes, the stems arising from rhizome apices (Swartz and Stein 2011, FNA 2015).
Terrestrial Habitats
Grassland/herbaceousCliff
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN2
ProvinceRankNative
WashingtonS2Yes
OregonS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentSmall (1-10%)Serious or 31-70% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
1.1 - Housing & urban areasSmall (1-10%)Serious or 31-70% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceRestricted (11-30%)Serious - slightHigh (continuing)
6.1 - Recreational activitiesRestricted (11-30%)Serious - slightHigh (continuing)
7 - Natural system modificationsLarge (31-70%)Serious or 31-70% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
7.1 - Fire & fire suppressionLarge (31-70%)Serious or 31-70% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesLarge (31-70%)Serious - slightHigh (continuing)
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseasesRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
8.2 - Problematic native species/diseasesRestricted (11-30%)Serious - slightHigh (continuing)
11 - Climate change & severe weatherUnknownUnknownUnknown

—

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
Oregon (1)
AreaForestAcres
Hebo 1aSiuslaw National Forest13,930
References (11)
  1. Fertig, W. 2020. Potential Federal Candidate Plant Species of Washington. Prepared for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, Region. 1. Washington Natural Heritage Program Report Number: 2020-01. Online. Available: https://www.dnr.wa.gov/publications/amp_nh_potential_candidate_sp.pdf (accessed 15 Feb 2022).
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2015. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 6. Magnoliophyta: Cucurbitaceae to Droserceae. Oxford University Press, New York. 496 pp + xxiv.
  3. Hamman, S.T., P.W. Dunwiddie, J.L. Nuckols, and M. McKinley. 2011. Fire as a Restoration Tool in Pacific Northwest Prairies and Oak Woodlands: Challenges, Successes, and Future Directions. Northwest Science 85(2): 317-328.
  4. Hitchcock, C.L., and A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest: An Illustrated Manual. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington. 730 pp.
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. Peck, M.E. 1961. A manual of the higher plants of Oregon. 2nd edition. Binsford & Mort, Portland, Oregon. 936 pp.
  8. Salstrom, D. 1994. Report on the status of <i>Sidalcea hirtipes</i> C.L. Hitchcock in Washington. Washington Natural Heritage Program, Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA. 50 pp.
  9. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  10. Swartz, L., and M. Stein. 2011. Conservation Assessment for Bristly-stemmed Checker Mallow (Sidalcea hirtipes). USDA Forest Service Region 6 and USDI Bureau of Land Managment, Oregon and Washington.
  11. Washington Natural Heritage Program. 1981. An illustrated guide to the endangered, threatened and sensitive vascular plants of Washington. Washington Natural Heritage Program, Olympia. 328 pp.