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Home/Species/ Cassin's Vireo

Vireo cassinii

Xantus de Vesey, 1858

Cassin's Vireo

G5Secure Found in 89 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100146
Element CodeABPBW01290
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderPasseriformes
FamilyVireonidae
GenusVireo
Other Common Names
Vireo de Cassin (ES) Viréo de Cassin (FR)
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Taxonomic Comments
Formerly included in V. solitarius; split by AOU (1997). Sibley and Monroe (1990) cited information from Johnson and Barlow and split the former V. solitarius into three separate species, V. cassinii (Cassin's Vireo), V. plumbeus (Plumbeous Vireo), and V. solitarius (Solitary Vireo); the three species constitute a superspecies (AOU 1998). Johnson (1995) examined allozyme variation in western vireos of the V. solitarius complex and concluded that V. cassinii is a distinct species. Johnson stated that the Plumbeous Vireo (V. plumbeus) and Blue-headed Vireo V. solitarius plus the "Mountain Vireo" V. S. alticola) also may deserve species status (based on differences in voice and mtDNA base sequences). See Johnson et al. (1988) and Murray et al. (1994) for analyses of the phylogenetic relationships among vireos.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-04-10
Change Date1997-08-20
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Range Extent Comments
BREEDING: mountains of western North America from southern British Columbia, northern Idaho, and northwestern Montana south throuh Washington, Oregon, western Idaho, and California to northern Baja California; southern Baja California. NON-BREEDING: southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico south to Guatemala (Sibley and Monroe 1990, Johnson 1995).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

"Open coniferous or mixed coniferous-deciduous woodland, pine-oak association, oak woodland; in migration and winter, a variety of wooded habitats" (AOU 1998).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest - HardwoodForest - ConiferForest - MixedWoodland - HardwoodWoodland - ConiferWoodland - MixedShrubland/chaparral
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5B
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS5BYes
AlbertaS3BYes
United StatesN3N,N5B
ProvinceRankNative
MontanaS4BYes
OregonS4BYes
WashingtonS4BYes
IdahoS5BYes
ColoradoSNAYes
NevadaS4BYes
New MexicoS4NYes
OklahomaSNRMYes
CaliforniaSNRBYes
ArizonaS3NYes
UtahSNAYes
Roadless Areas (89)
Arizona (9)
AreaForestAcres
BoulderTonto National Forest40,359
Catalina St. Pk. Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest951
Cdo WsaCoronado National Forest1,955
GaliuroCoronado National Forest28,333
GoldfieldTonto National Forest15,257
Lower Romero WSRCoronado National Forest10
Middle Dragoon RoadlessCoronado National Forest10,543
Middle Romero WSRCoronado National Forest60
TumacacoriCoronado National Forest44,594
California (45)
AreaForestAcres
AgnewSequoia National Forest9,561
Bell MeadowStanislaus National Forest7,968
Black ButteMendocino National Forest15,461
Black ButteLos Padres National Forest5,116
CajonSan Bernardino National Forest7,548
Caples CreekEldorado National Forest17,854
Chalk PeakLos Padres National Forest7,472
ChannellSequoia National Forest45,429
Chips CreekLassen National Forest29,089
Cow CreekShasta-Trinity National Forest22,627
Crystal CreekSan Bernardino National Forest6,783
Cutca ValleyCleveland National Forest14,530
Dry LakesLos Padres National Forest17,043
EagleStanislaus National Forest16,116
East YubaTahoe National Forest17,968
Fox MountainLos Padres National Forest52,072
Granite PeakSan Bernardino National Forest450
GrindstoneMendocino National Forest26,031
Grouse LakesTahoe National Forest19,085
Heart LakeLassen National Forest9,349
Horse Mdw.Inyo National Forest5,687
Jennie LakeSequoia National Forest2,388
KelseyKlamath National Forest3,237
Kings RiverSierra National Forest52,999
Little French CShasta-Trinity National Forest11,529
Log Cabin SaddlebagInyo National Forest15,165
Magic MountainAngeles National Forest15,542
Middle YubaTahoe National Forest7,379
Mill PeakSan Bernardino National Forest7,884
Mt. OlsenInyo National Forest2,161
North Fork American RiverTahoe National Forest38,495
North Fork Middle Fork American RiverTahoe National Forest11,245
Onion SpringsLassen National Forest2,421
PantherShasta-Trinity National Forest12,016
Pleasant ViewAngeles National Forest26,395
PyramidEldorado National Forest24,347
QuatalLos Padres National Forest7,253
RinconSequoia National Forest54,610
SherwinInyo National Forest3,140
Silver HillHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,423
Slate Mtn.Sequoia National Forest12,299
South SierraInyo National Forest41,853
SugarloafSan Bernardino National Forest8,206
West GirardShasta-Trinity National Forest37,516
West YubaPlumas National Forest6,071
Montana (6)
AreaForestAcres
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLolo National Forest118,485
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanHelena National Forest51,360
Big LogHelena National Forest8,954
Bmss Ra 1485Flathead National Forest334,275
HolterHelena National Forest1,965
HoodooLolo National Forest105,162
Nevada (3)
AreaForestAcres
Angel Peak NorthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest12,577
Jobs Peak (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,342
Rose - Whites CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest2,568
New Mexico (5)
AreaForestAcres
Gila BoxGila National Forest23,759
Guaje CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,104
Meadow CreekGila National Forest34,167
Ryan HillCibola National Forest34,201
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
Oregon (12)
AreaForestAcres
BearwallowsDeschutes National Forest7,317
Echo MountainWillamette National Forest8,098
HellholeUmatilla National Forest65,679
HomesteadWallowa-Whitman National Forest5,817
Jaussaud CorralUmatilla National Forest5,535
Little SheepWallowa-Whitman National Forest5,238
MarshWinema National Forest1,226
Mill Creek Watershed (OR)Umatilla National Forest7,820
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
South Fork - TowerUmatilla National Forest16,570
W - T ThreeUmatilla National Forest1,705
Walla Walla RiverUmatilla National Forest34,416
Utah (3)
AreaForestAcres
FishhookDixie National Forest12,959
Mt. Logan SouthWasatch-Cache National Forest17,014
WellsvilleWasatch-Cache National Forest1,717
Washington (6)
AreaForestAcres
Blue SlideWenatchee National Forest17,505
Liberty BellOkanogan National Forest108,495
Mill Creek Watershed (WA)Umatilla National Forest16,747
Pasayten RimOkanogan National Forest17,074
SawtoothOkanogan National Forest122,194
TaneumWenatchee National Forest26,140
References (16)
  1. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1997. Forty-first supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. The Auk 114(3):542-552.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. Balda, R. P., and G. C. Bateman. 1971. Flocking and annual cycle of the piñon jay, <i>Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus</i>. Condor 73:287-302.
  4. BirdLife International. 2004b. Threatened birds of the world 2004. CD ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
  5. Heindel, M. T. 1996. Field identification of the solitary vireo complex. Birding (December):458-471.
  6. Horn, H. S. 1968. The adaptive significance of colonial nesting in the Brewer's Blackbird. Ecology 49:682-694.
  7. Howell, S. N. G., and S. Webb. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  8. Ligon, J. D. 1971. Late summer-autumnal breeding of the piñon jay in New Mexico. Condor 73:147-153.
  9. Moore, W. S., and R. A. Dolbeer. 1989. The use of banding recovery data to estimate dispersal rates and gene flow in avian species: case studies in the Red-winged Blackbird and Common Grackle. Condor 91:242-253.
  10. Parker III, T. A., D. F. Stotz, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 1996. Ecological and distributional databases for neotropical birds. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  11. Poole, A. F. and F. B. Gill. 1992. The birds of North America. The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. and The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA.
  12. Sibley, D. A. 2000a. The Sibley guide to birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  13. Tarvin, K. A., and G. E. Woolfenden. 1999. Blue Jay (<i>Cyanocitta cristata</i>). No. 469 IN A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. The birds of North America. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. 32pp.
  14. Thompson, F. R., III. 1994. Temporal and spatial patterns of breeding brown-headed cowbirds in the midwestern United States. Auk 111:979-990.
  15. Williams, L. 1952b. Breeding behavior of the Brewer blackbird. Condor 54:3-47.
  16. Willson, M. F. 1966. Breeding ecology of the Yellow-headed Blackbird. Ecological Monographs 36:51-77.