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Microtus pinetorum

(Le Conte, 1830)

Woodland Vole

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100495
Element CodeAMAFF11150
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassMammalia
OrderRodentia
FamilyCricetidae
GenusMicrotus
Other Common Names
Campagnol sylvestre (FR) woodland vole (EN)
Concept Reference
Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder (editors). 1993. Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. xviii + 1206 pp. Available online at: http://www.nmnh.si.edu/msw/.
Taxonomic Comments
Van der Meulen (1978) regarded subspecies nemoralis and parvulus as species distinct from pinetorum, as have some other authors, whereas Whitaker and Hamilton (1998) regarded all as inseparable.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-04-04
Change Date1996-11-13
Range Extent Comments
North-central New England to central Wisconsin and south to Gulf Coast states from Texas to northern Florida.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Lives in a wide variety of habitats, but in many areas prefers upland wooded areas with a thick layer of loose soil and humus. Can be numerous in orchards and nurseries with ample ground vegetation that provides protective cover. Spends most of time underground in shallow burrow systems. Young are born in nests built beneath logs, below surface litter, or underground.

Ecology

Home range is estimated at about 0.1 ha. Average population density is up to 2.4 per ha (Miller and Getz 1969). Densities usually are highest in orchards during fall. Not territorial, appears to occur only in loose social groups. Rapid turnover of individuals in population.

Reproduction

Breeds mid-February to mid-November, probably year-round. Oklahoma: apparently all year, with peak October-May; 1-4 litters per year; litter size is 1-5 (average 2.6) (Caire et al. 1989)
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest - HardwoodForest - ConiferForest - MixedWoodland - HardwoodWoodland - ConiferWoodland - MixedGrassland/herbaceousSuburban/orchard
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLANDFORESTED WETLANDBog/fenRiparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
KansasS5Yes
FloridaSNRYes
West VirginiaS4Yes
MissouriS4Yes
DelawareS4Yes
GeorgiaS5Yes
VirginiaS5Yes
IllinoisS5Yes
New YorkS5Yes
MarylandS5Yes
KentuckyS5Yes
South CarolinaS4Yes
OhioSNRYes
TennesseeS5Yes
ArkansasS5Yes
IndianaS5Yes
MichiganS3Yes
New HampshireS4Yes
MinnesotaS3Yes
North CarolinaS5Yes
TexasS3Yes
MassachusettsS5Yes
LouisianaS4Yes
WisconsinS2Yes
Rhode IslandSUYes
NebraskaS1Yes
New JerseyS5Yes
VermontS3Yes
MaineS1Yes
ConnecticutS5Yes
OklahomaSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
MississippiS5Yes
District of ColumbiaS4Yes
IowaS3Yes
AlabamaS5Yes
CanadaN3
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS2Yes
OntarioS3Yes
Roadless Areas (1)
Virginia (1)
AreaForestAcres
Oak KnobGeorge Washington National Forest10,882
References (39)
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