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Home/Species/ Wabash Pigtoe

Fusconaia flava

(Rafinesque, 1820)

Wabash Pigtoe

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
MediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.121049
Element CodeIMBIV17070
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryInvertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumMollusca
ClassBivalvia
OrderUnionoida
FamilyUnionidae
GenusFusconaia
Synonyms
Fusconaia undata(Barnes, 1823)Unio trigonusLea, 1832
Other Common Names
Fusconaia jaune (FR)
Concept Reference
Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
Sequence analysis of mitochondrial DNA revealed two divergent clades, one consisting of specimens located throughout the upper and lower Mississippi River drainage and the Red River (Canada) and Lake Erie drainages as well as all Fusconaia cerina specimens (the study utilized material from the Sipsey River, Alabama, and Yellow Creek, Mississippi); and one consisting of specimens located in the far western portion of the range that may comprise an undescribed species, although the authors admit more morphological and genetic studies are needed to determine the precise taxonomic status of this latter clade (Burdick and White, 2007).
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-06-24
Change Date1996-11-25
Edition Date2024-06-24
Edition AuthorsCordeiro, J. (2009); rev. T. Cornelisse (2024)
Threat ImpactMedium
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Despite some regional threats and localized declines, this species has a large range and number of occurrences, and it has been documented across its range consistently in recent years.
Range Extent Comments
This species occurs in southern Manitoba and Ontario, Canada as well as in the eastern and midwestern United States from North Dakota to New York, south to Mississippi and Texas (Parmalee and Bogan 1998; Howells et al. 1996; GBIF 2024).
Occurrences Comments
This species is known from at least approximately 362 and 471 occurrences using a 10 and 2 km separation distance, respectively, and records from 1993-2024 (GBIF 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
This species is threatened by habitat fragmentation and degradation due to water diversion, including dams, and pollution due to agriculture and urbanization, at least in parts of its range (Manitoba Conservation Data Centre 2015; New York Natural Heritage Program 2020).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

This species is found in lakes and low-gradient flowing water from creeks to large rivers with both muddy and stable substrates composed of coarse sand and gravel (Strayer and Jirka 1997; Parmalee and Bogan 1998).
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
MinnesotaSNRYes
KentuckyS4Yes
WisconsinS4Yes
IllinoisS4Yes
MissouriS4Yes
MississippiS5Yes
OhioS5Yes
OklahomaSNRYes
IndianaS5Yes
IowaS2Yes
NebraskaSHYes
TexasS2Yes
TennesseeS4Yes
MichiganSNRYes
South DakotaS2Yes
North DakotaS4Yes
LouisianaS5Yes
KansasS3Yes
ArkansasS4Yes
West VirginiaS3Yes
PennsylvaniaS2Yes
New YorkS2Yes
CanadaN3
ProvinceRankNative
OntarioS2Yes
ManitobaS3Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
7 - Natural system modificationsRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
7.2 - Dams & water management/useRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9 - PollutionLarge (31-70%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9.1 - Domestic & urban waste waterLarge - restrictedModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9.3 - Agricultural & forestry effluentsLarge (31-70%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9.3.1 - Nutrient loadsLarge - restrictedModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
9.3.2 - Soil erosion, sedimentationLarge - restrictedModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)

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Roadless Areas (1)
Texas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Winters BayouNational Forests in Texas730
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