Sonorella grahamensis
Pilsbry and Ferriss, 1919
Pinaleno Talussnail
G1Critically ImperiledGlobal Rank
Near threatenedIUCN
Very high - mediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.113855
Element CodeIMGASC9280
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryInvertebrate Animal
IUCNNear threatened
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumMollusca
ClassGastropoda
OrderStylommatophora
FamilyHelminthoglyptidae
GenusSonorella
Concept ReferenceTurgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2021-04-05
Change Date2002-10-08
Edition Date2020-10-08
Edition AuthorsFlower, C. (2020)
Threat ImpactVery high - medium
Range Extent<100 square km (less than about 40 square miles)
Number of Occurrences1 - 5
Rank ReasonsThis species is endemic to a small area in southern Arizona where it is potentially threatened by a competing snail species and extreme weather and fire events.
Range Extent CommentsThis species is endemic to the Pinaleño Mountains, Graham County, Arizona, USA.
Occurrences CommentsArizona's Natural Heritage Program (HDMS) has 7 records ranging from historical (early 1990) to fairly recent (i.e. 2017-2019). These records are found from Twilight Creek area, to Hagens Point and Heliograph Peak.
Threat Impact CommentsThreatened by extreme events such as extreme weather and intensive fires as well as competition with the Mimic Talussnail (S. imitator).
Ecology & Habitat
Habitat
Elevation: between 6000-10000ft. As stated in the 2011 Conservation Agreement for Pinaleño Land Snails, “habitat for Sonorella and Oreohelix includes pine-oak and conifer forests with: (1) talus slopes (e.g., scree, natural rockslides, boulder fields); (2) streamside colluvial rock; or (3) mesic areas on hillsides with partial shade, rock, and leaf litter (AZ HDMS Species Abstract, accessed by C. Flower, AZGFD, 10/08/2020). Hoffman (undated) states that “the plants associated with the land snails in the Pinaleño Mountains vary with elevation.” He lists various plant species associated with these snails for “higher” and “lower” elevations, but does not define “higher” and “lower” by giving specific elevations or exact species of snails associated with various plant species (AZ HDMS Species Abstract, accessed by C. Flower, AZGFD, 10/08/2020).
Terrestrial HabitatsForest - ConiferForest - MixedBare rock/talus/scree
Palustrine HabitatsRiparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN1
| Province | Rank | Native |
|---|
| Arizona | S1 | Yes |
Roadless Areas (1)
Arizona (1)
| Area | Forest | Acres |
|---|
| Pinaleno | Coronado National Forest | 130,920 |
References (6)
- Arizona Natural Heritage Program, Heritage Data Management System (HDMS). 2009. HDMS Invertebrate Diversity Review Meeting Notes.
- Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2009. Partial 90-Day Finding on a Petition to List 475 Species in the Southwestern United States as Threatened or Endangered With Critical Habitat. Proposed Rule. Federal Register 74(240): 66866-66905.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2023. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Ten Species Not Warranted for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species. Federal Register 88(243):88035-88040.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2023. National Listing Workplan. Online. Available: https://www.fws.gov/project/national-listing-workplan
- U.S. Forest Service (USFS). 2018. Land and resource management plan - Coronado National Forest. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southwestern Region, MB-R3-05-15, 278 pp.