Huperzia appalachiana

Beitel & Mickel

Appalachian Fir-clubmoss

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.153791
Element CodePPLYC020J0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumLycophyta
ClassLycopodiopsida
OrderLycopodiales
FamilyLycopodiaceae
GenusHuperzia
Synonyms
Huperzia appressa(Desv.) A. Löve & D. Löve
Other Common Names
Appalachian clubmoss (EN) Appalachian Clubmoss (EN) Lycopode des Appalaches (FR) Mountain Firmoss (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-03-27
Change Date2011-11-01
Edition Date2024-03-27
Edition AuthorsYOUNG, STEPHEN M., rev. Soteropoulos (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 - 300
Rank Reasons
Huperzia appalachiana is a wide-ranging perennial subshrub fern ally in rock outcrops at high elevations and rarely in seepy areas or fens at medium elevations in eastern North America from Newfoundland and Labrador west to Ontario in Canada, and in the United States from Minnesota east to New England, with a disjunction to the southern Appalachians. Threats include hybridization with other Huperzia species, development, recreation, nitrogen deposition, changes to rainfall regime, increased storm frequencies, deer browse, gypsy moths, wildfire, rights-of-way maintenance, and other threats in some places. Little is known about rangewide trends, but with a large range extent and over 200 occurrences this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Huperzia appalachiana occurs in eastern North America from Newfoundland and Labrador west to Ontario in Canada, Michigan and Minnesota in the United States and east to New York and New England, with a disjunction to the southern Appalachians in western Virginia, western North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, and northeast Georgia (FNA 1993, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2023). Range extent was estimated to be over 3.3 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences Comments
Area of Occupancy was estimated to be over 200 2km by 2km grid cells using herbarium specimen data, photo-based observation data, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between the years of 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Huperzia appalachiana is threatened by hybridization with other Huperzia species, development, recreation, increased nitrogen deposition, changes to rainfall regime, increased storm frequencies, deer browse, gypsy moth infestation, wildfire, rights-of-way maintenance, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species (NatureServe 2024).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Huperzia appalachiana grows on "rock outcrops at high elevations (very rarely at middle elevations), rarely also in seepage or along banks of small streams at high elevations, and in fens (on hummocks)" (Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2023). Rock outrcops are typically "damp, acidic, igneous rocks in alpine zone or exposed cliffs and talus slopes elsewhere" (FNA 1993).
Terrestrial Habitats
AlpineBare rock/talus/screeCliff
Palustrine Habitats
Bog/fen
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS5Yes
Nova ScotiaS3Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS4Yes
ManitobaS2Yes
New BrunswickS3Yes
LabradorSUYes
OntarioS2Yes
United StatesN3
ProvinceRankNative
VermontS2Yes
ConnecticutSHYes
MichiganS2Yes
GeorgiaS1Yes
New YorkS3Yes
MaineS2Yes
New HampshireS2Yes
TennesseeS1Yes
MassachusettsS1Yes
VirginiaS2Yes
North CarolinaS3Yes
MinnesotaS3Yes
WisconsinS1Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentUnknownUnknownUnknown
4 - Transportation & service corridorsUnknownUnknownUnknown
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceUnknownUnknownUnknown
6.1 - Recreational activitiesUnknownUnknownUnknown
7 - Natural system modificationsUnknownUnknownUnknown
7.1 - Fire & fire suppressionUnknownUnknownUnknown
7.1.1 - Increase in fire frequency/intensityUnknownUnknownUnknown
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesUnknownUnknownUnknown
8.2 - Problematic native species/diseasesUnknownUnknownUnknown
8.2.2 - Named speciesUnknownUnknownUnknown
9 - PollutionUnknownUnknownUnknown
9.5 - Air-borne pollutantsUnknownUnknownUnknown
11 - Climate change & severe weatherUnknownUnknownUnknown
11.1 - Habitat shifting & alterationUnknownUnknownUnknown
11.4 - Storms & floodingUnknownUnknownUnknown

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
New Hampshire (1)
AreaForestAcres
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
References (7)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1993a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  3. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  5. NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  6. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  7. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2023. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of April 14, 2023. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2105 pp.