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Home/Species/ Sideoats Grama

Bouteloua curtipendula

(Michx.) Torr.

Sideoats Grama

G5Secure Found in 66 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
LowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.128943
Element CodePMPOA10060
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderCyperales
FamilyPoaceae
GenusBouteloua
Other Common Names
Grand boutelou (FR) sideoats grama (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
(Michx.) Torr. is the correct author combination, not (Michx.) Gray, this is explained in Allred et al. (2020).
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-05-31
Change Date1984-12-07
Edition Date2024-05-31
Edition AuthorsMaybury, K. (2002), rev. Nordman, C. (2024).
Threat ImpactLow
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) occurs in North and South America. It is widespread from Maine and Ontario west to Saskatchewan and Washington, south to Florida, and west to California, across Mexico, and western South America. It is common throughout much of North America, with an estimated 5000 occurrences. Threats include succession to shrubland or forest, invasive exotic plants, and in some cases overgrazing.
Range Extent Comments
Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) occurs in North and South America. It is widespread from Maine and Ontario west to Saskatchewan and Washington, south to Florida, and west to California, across Mexico, and western South America. Range extent was estimated to be 32.6 million square kilometers, using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, Kartesz 1999, Villaseñor 2016).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium records and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are more than 5000 occurrences of Sideoats Grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Some low-level threats from lack of disturbance/succession to shrubland or forest (glades may be fire-dependent) and from competition with exotics (Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project 2002). Overgrazing can also be a threat.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Habitats in New Mexico are described as "prairies, grasslands, woodlands, forest openings, usually on well drained soils" (Allred et al. 2020), in the southeastern United States, "prairies, dry rocky slopes and bluffs over calcareous rocks (such as limestone, dolomite, or calcareous shale) or ultramafic rocks (such as serpentine or metabasalt), limestone glades" (Weakley and Southeastern Flora Team 2023), at elevations of 3 - 2800 meters (SEINet 2024).

Reproduction

Reproduction is apomictic (Allred et al. 2020).
Terrestrial Habitats
Woodland - MixedGrassland/herbaceous
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
KentuckySNRYes
ConnecticutS1Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
MichiganS1Yes
KansasSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
LouisianaS1Yes
New YorkS2Yes
WyomingS4Yes
OklahomaSNRYes
NebraskaSNRYes
South DakotaSNRYes
MontanaS4Yes
MaineSNANo
IowaS4Yes
North CarolinaS1Yes
FloridaS1Yes
TennesseeSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
HawaiiSNANo
TexasSNRYes
West VirginiaS3Yes
MarylandS2Yes
OhioSNRYes
New MexicoSNRYes
UtahSNRYes
South CarolinaSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
VirginiaSNRYes
North DakotaSNRYes
ArizonaSNRYes
MississippiS3Yes
ArkansasSNRYes
ColoradoS4Yes
AlabamaSNRYes
GeorgiaS2Yes
OregonSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS2Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
IllinoisS3Yes
IndianaS3Yes
IdahoSNRYes
NevadaS2Yes
District of ColumbiaSHYes
CanadaN3
ProvinceRankNative
ManitobaS2Yes
AlbertaS1Yes
SaskatchewanS3Yes
OntarioS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseasesSmall (1-10%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)

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Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (66)
Arizona (33)
AreaForestAcres
Arnold MesaPrescott National Forest12,286
Black CanyonPrescott National Forest10,683
Blind Indian CreekPrescott National Forest26,847
BoulderTonto National Forest40,359
Butterfly Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest42,296
Catalina St. Pk. Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest951
Cherry CreekTonto National Forest11,371
ChiricahuaCoronado National Forest76,876
Cimarron HillsCoconino National Forest5,303
GaliuroCoronado National Forest28,333
GoldfieldTonto National Forest15,257
Grief HillPrescott National Forest12,535
HackberryCoconino National Forest17,885
Happy ValleyCoronado National Forest7,972
Hell HoleApache-Sitgreaves National Forests15,512
HellsgateTonto National Forest6,171
Hot AirApache-Sitgreaves National Forests31,712
Jacks CanyonCoconino National Forest2,858
Lime CreekTonto National Forest42,568
Lower RinconCoronado National Forest3,278
Lower San FranciscoApache-Sitgreaves National Forests59,310
MazatzalTonto National Forest16,942
Middle Dragoon RoadlessCoronado National Forest10,543
Painted BluffsApache-Sitgreaves National Forests43,118
Pine Mountain Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest6,518
PipestemApache-Sitgreaves National Forests34,598
Santa RitaCoronado National Forest6,078
Sierra Ancha Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest7,787
TumacacoriCoronado National Forest44,594
Upper Rincon RoadlessCoronado National Forest2,991
Upper Romero WsrCoronado National Forest150
Walker MountainCoconino National Forest6,382
WhetstoneCoronado National Forest20,728
Arkansas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Clifty CanyonOzark-St. Francis National Forest1,963
California (1)
AreaForestAcres
Cactus Springs BSan Bernardino National Forest3,106
New Mexico (23)
AreaForestAcres
Bull CanyonCarson National Forest11,512
Candian RiverCibola National Forest7,149
Capitan MountainsLincoln National Forest14,069
Chama WS RiverSanta Fe National Forest4,168
Contiguous To Black & Aldo Leopold WildernessGila National Forest111,883
Contiguous To Gila Wilderness & Primitive AreaGila National Forest79,049
El InviernoSanta Fe National Forest29,927
Frisco BoxGila National Forest38,979
Hell HoleGila National Forest19,553
Jefferies CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
Last Chance CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
LemitasSanta Fe National Forest8,129
Lower San FranciscoGila National Forest26,460
Meadow CreekGila National Forest34,167
Nichols ReservoirSanta Fe National Forest1,518
Ortega PeakLincoln National Forest11,545
Peloncillo (NM)Coronado National Forest43,339
Ryan HillCibola National Forest34,201
Sawyers PeakGila National Forest59,743
South Guadalupe MountainsLincoln National Forest20,930
Thompson PeakSanta Fe National Forest33,001
Virgin CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,068
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
North Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Long X DivideDakota Prairie Grasslands10,099
South Dakota (2)
AreaForestAcres
Cheyenne RiverBuffalo Gap National Grassland7,572
Red ShirtBuffalo Gap National Grassland17,007
Texas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Little Lake CreekNational Forests in Texas596
Utah (2)
AreaForestAcres
Capital ReefDixie National Forest763
CottonwoodDixie National Forest6,754
West Virginia (1)
AreaForestAcres
North Mountain HopevilleMonongahela National Forest6,525
Wyoming (1)
AreaForestAcres
Laramie PeakMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest28,608
References (12)
  1. Allred, K.W., E.M. Jercinovic, and R.D. Ivey. 2020. Flora Neomexicana III: An Illustrated Identification Manual, Second Edition, part 1: Introduction, spore plants, gymnosperms, monocotyledonous plants, glossary.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2003a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 25. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poaceae, part 2. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxv + 781 pp.
  3. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  4. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  7. Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project. 2002. A partnership between the U.S. Forest Service-Region 8, Natural Heritage Programs in the Southeast, NatureServe, and independent scientists to develop and review data on 1300+ regionally and locally rare species in the Southern Appalachian and Alabama region. Database (Access 97) provided to the U.S. Forest Service by NatureServe, Durham, North Carolina.
  8. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  9. University of Minnesota. 1995. Plants in Prairie Communities. Available at: http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/compo nents/3238b.html. Accessed July 16, 2002.
  10. Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.
  11. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2023. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of April 14, 2023. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2105 pp.
  12. Wisconsin State Herbarium. 2002. Wisconsin vascular plants and floristic ratings. Available at: http://wiscinfo.doit.wisc.edu/herbarium/scripts/detail.asp?S pCode=BOUCURvCUR#Links. Accessed July 16, 2002.