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Home/Species/ Clay-colored Thrush

Turdus grayi

Bonaparte, 1838

Clay-colored Thrush

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.102323
Element CodeABPBJ20110
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderPasseriformes
FamilyTurdidae
GenusTurdus
Other Common Names
Clay-colored Robin (EN) Merle fauve (FR) Mirlo Pardo (ES)
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Taxonomic Comments
Has been considered conspecific with T. nudigenis by a few authors (AOU 1983).
Conservation Status
Review Date1996-12-03
Change Date1996-12-03
Range Extent Comments
RESIDENT: from Guerrero, state of Mexico, Hidalgo, eastern San Luis Potosi, central Nuevo Leon, and southern Tamaulipas south along both slopes of Middle America to northern Colombia. Casual in southern Texas (AOU 1983).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Open woodland, clearings, second growth, plantations, and gardens (AOU 1983). Outside breeding season penetrates well into heavy forest, canebrakes, and dense second growth to forage, but nests in more open surroundings (Stiles and Skutch 1989). BREEDING: Nests in dense cover of tree or small bush, usually 1-4 m above ground (up to 30 m), in yards, plantations, shady pastures, hedges (Terres 1980).

Reproduction

Breeds mainly in dry season in central Panama (Hilty and Brown 1986). Clutch size 2-4 (usually 203). Incubation about 12 days. Sometimes 2 broods (Costa Rica, Stiles and Skutch 1989).
Terrestrial Habitats
Woodland - HardwoodOld fieldSuburban/orchard
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN1
ProvinceRankNative
TexasS2BYes
Roadless Areas (1)
Arizona (1)
AreaForestAcres
TumacacoriCoronado National Forest44,594
References (21)
  1. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1983. Check-list of North American Birds, 6th edition. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas. 877 pp.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. Balda, R. P., and G. C. Bateman. 1971. Flocking and annual cycle of the piñon jay, <i>Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus</i>. Condor 73:287-302.
  4. BirdLife International. 2004b. Threatened birds of the world 2004. CD ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
  5. Hilty, S.L. and W. L. Brown. 1986. A Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA. 836 pp.
  6. Horn, H. S. 1968. The adaptive significance of colonial nesting in the Brewer's Blackbird. Ecology 49:682-694.
  7. Howell, S. N. G., and S. Webb. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  8. Ligon, J. D. 1971. Late summer-autumnal breeding of the piñon jay in New Mexico. Condor 73:147-153.
  9. Moore, W. S., and R. A. Dolbeer. 1989. The use of banding recovery data to estimate dispersal rates and gene flow in avian species: case studies in the Red-winged Blackbird and Common Grackle. Condor 91:242-253.
  10. Parker III, T. A., D. F. Stotz, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 1996. Ecological and distributional databases for neotropical birds. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  11. Ridgely, R. S. 2002. Distribution maps of South American birds. Unpublished.
  12. Ridgely, R. S. and J. A. Gwynne, Jr. 1989. A Guide to the Birds of Panama. 2nd edition. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
  13. Sibley, D. A. 2000a. The Sibley guide to birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  14. Stiles, F. G. and A. F. Skutch. 1989. A guide to the birds of Costa Rica. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, USA. 511 pp.
  15. Tarvin, K. A., and G. E. Woolfenden. 1999. Blue Jay (<i>Cyanocitta cristata</i>). No. 469 IN A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. The birds of North America. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. 32pp.
  16. Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  17. Thompson, F. R., III. 1994. Temporal and spatial patterns of breeding brown-headed cowbirds in the midwestern United States. Auk 111:979-990.
  18. Wikelski, M., M. Hau, W. D. Robinson, and J. C. Wingfield. 2003. Reproductive seasonality of seven Neotropical passerine species. Condor 105: 683-695.
  19. Williams, L. 1952b. Breeding behavior of the Brewer blackbird. Condor 54:3-47.
  20. Willson, M. F. 1966. Breeding ecology of the Yellow-headed Blackbird. Ecological Monographs 36:51-77.
  21. Zook, J. L. 2002. Distribution maps of the birds of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Unpublished.