Mentzelia springeri

(Standl.) Tidestrom

Santa Fe Stickyleaf

G3Vulnerable Found in 2 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G3VulnerableGlobal Rank
LowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.142593
Element CodePDLOA031N0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderViolales
FamilyLoasaceae
GenusMentzelia
Other Common Names
Santa Fe blazingstar (EN) Santa Fe Blazingstar (EN) Springer's blazing star (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
Included within M. multiflora by Darlington (1934) despite its leaves, flowers, and capsules being smaller than the limits put forward for M. multiflora, and its having a bushier growth form and stem tips ending in single flowers (rather than clusters of 1-3 flowers) (Sivinski 1998). Darlington also assigned one very probable M. springeri specimen to M. multicaulis, which differs from M. springeri in its clustered, 5- petaled flowers, larger capsules, and geographic range (CO and UT) (Sivinski 1998). Included in M. pumila var. integra by Martin and Hutchins (1981), despite its having lighter-colored flowers and linear (rather than oblanceolate) leaves (Sivinski 1998). Recognized as distinct by Tidestrom and Kittell (1941), Sivinski (1998), Kartesz (1994 and 1999), and FNA (2016, vol. 12).
Conservation Status
Review Date2009-04-15
Change Date2009-04-15
Edition Date2009-04-15
Edition AuthorsGravuer, K.
Threat ImpactLow
Range Extent100-1000 square km (about 40-400 square miles)
Number of Occurrences1 - 80
Rank Reasons
Endemic to north-central New Mexico, where known from a small range on the slopes of the Jemez Mountains in Los Alamos, northeastern Sandoval, and northwestern Santa Fe counties. At least seven occurrences are known; more may eventually be documented since the species is poorly studied and much of the range is in remote areas. All currently known sites may comprise just a few metapopulations, given site proximity and likely pollinators. A few dozen to several hundred individuals are present at each of the known locations; at least 10,000 individuals may exist, but this number of plants has not yet been documented. There are no significant known threats.
Range Extent Comments
Endemic to north-central New Mexico, on the southern, southwestern, and eastern slopes of the Jemez Mountains in Los Alamos and northeastern Sandoval counties and in extreme northwestern Santa Fe County along White Rock Canyon near the Los Alamos County line (Sivinski 1998, 1999; R. Sivinski pers. comm. 2009). May also be present in similar habitat in southeastern Rio Arriba County (Santa Clara Indian Reservation), also on on the southwest slope of the Jemez Mountains (R. Sivinski pers. comm. 2009). Much of the range is found in and around Bandelier National Monument (Holmgren and Holmgren 2002). Using GIS tools, range extent was calculated to be approximately 350 square km.
Occurrences Comments
Six occurrences are mapped in the Natural Heritage New Mexico database. At least eight additional herbarium specimens have been collected since the most recent observation date in that database, so there may be one to a few more documented sites; there is almost certainly at least one more documented site, since several of the recent collections are from Los Alamos County, unlike any of the mapped occurrences. Bob Sivinski, who has made many observations of this species in the field, estimates that he has seen it in approximately 10 places, although many of these places are within a mile of other known locations (and so might be mapped as the same occurrence) (R. Sivinski pers. comm. 2009). All of these known (documented and observed) sites may comprise just a few metapopulations that are sufficiently isolated to have very infrequent gene exchange, as pollinators may frequently carry pollen among some of the known sites (R. Sivinski pers. comm. 2009). Nevertheless, it is probable that as-yet undocumented occurrences exist, as this species has not been adequately studied, and much of the range occurs in remote areas (such as the Bandelier National Monument Wilderness Area).
Threat Impact Comments
There are no significant known threats to this species (R. Sivinski pers. comm. 2009). Much of the range occurs in remote areas, including the Bandelier National Monument Wilderness Area. In addition, it favorably responds to soil disturbance within its habitats and readily colonizes road cuts and pumice quarries (Sivinski 1999, R. Sivinski pers. comm. 2009).
Ecology & Habitat

Diagnostic Characteristics

The very small, narrow capsules of M. springeri distinguish it from other perennial Mentzelia in New Mexico (Sivinski 1998). Mentzelia multiflora occurs on similar habitats in the Jemez Mountains. M. springeri is distinguished from M. multiflora by its perennial life history (compared to the biennial life history of M. multiflora), its several slender stems with numerous branches (compared to one or a few stout stems with fewer branches), its solitary flowers at the ends of slender branches (compared to 1-3 flowers at the ends of branches), its smaller narrower leaves with margins entire or with a few shallow teeth (compared to toothed or pinnatifid margins), its flowers with bright yellow petals (compared to cream-colored or pale yellow petals), and its narrower capsules 5-10 mm long (compared to 12-18 mm long) (Sivinski 1999). Holmgren and Holmgren (2002) state that M. springeri is distinguished from their recently-described M. memorabalis (endemic to northern Arizona) by its more widely divaricate branches, its toothed to shallowly lobed lower leaves, its longer petals (13-15 mm), and its narrowly cylindrical capsules (9.5-11 mm high, 2.8-4 mm thick). Also appears to closely resemble M. densa (endemic to Colorado), from which it can be separated by its ascending to erect stems with pilulose pubescence on the upper stem (compared to the hispid and spreading stems of M. densa, which form a hemispherical tuft); its entire or remotely dentate-pinnatifid leaf margins (compared to the sinuate-pinnatifid leaves with longer lobes of M. densa); and its 5-10 mm (compared to 13-15 mm) long capsules (Sivinski 1998).

Habitat

Appears to be restricted to rhyolite and pumice outcrops, on loose substrates of volcanic pumice and unconsolidated pyroclastic ash. These outcrops occur within pinyon-juniper woodland and lower montane coniferous (ponderosa pine) forest. Often seen where roads cut through pumice. Associated species include Fallugia paradoxa, Ericameria nauseosa, Stephanomeria pauciflora, Gilia pinnatifida, and Phacelia integrifolia. 1850-2450 m.
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - ConiferForest EdgeWoodland - Conifer
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN3
ProvinceRankNative
New MexicoS3Yes
Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (2)
New Mexico (2)
AreaForestAcres
Alamo CanyonSanta Fe National Forest8,639
CajaSanta Fe National Forest5,304
References (9)
  1. Darlington, J. 1934. A monograph of the genus <i>Mentzelia</i>. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 21: 103-227.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2016. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 12. Magnoliophyta: Vitaceae to Garryaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 603 pp.
  3. Holmgren., N. H. and P. K. Holmgren. 2002. New Mentzelias (Loasaceae) from the Intermountain region of western United States. Systematic Botany 27(4): 747-762.
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Martin, W.C., and C.R. Hutchins. 1980-1981. A flora of New Mexico. 2 vols. J. Cramer, in der A.R. Gantner Verlag, K.G., Vaduz, Liechtenstein. 2591 pp.
  6. Sivinski, R. 1999. New Mexico Rare Plants: <i>Mentzelia springeri</i> (Springer's blazing star). New Mexico Rare Plant Technical Council, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Online. Available: http://nmrareplants.unm.edu (Accessed 2009).
  7. Sivinski, R. C. 1998. Review and resurrection of <i>Mentzelia springeri</i> (Losaceae). New Mexico Naturalist's Notes 1(2): 43-45.
  8. Sivinski, Robert. Personal communication. State Botanist, New Mexico State Forestry Division, New Mexico Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources Department, Santa Fe, NM.
  9. Tidestrom, I., and T. Kittell. 1941. A flora of Arizona and New Mexico. Catholic Univ. of America Press, Washington, D.C.