Penstemon bracteatus

Keck

Red Canyon Beardtongue

G3Vulnerable Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G3VulnerableGlobal Rank
Medium - lowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.143625
Element CodePDSCR1L0T0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderPlantaginales
FamilyPlantaginaceae
GenusPenstemon
Other Common Names
Red Canyon Penstemon (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-04-16
Change Date2015-12-09
Edition Date2025-04-16
Edition AuthorsRoth, E.(1988), rev. J. Niese, rev. D. Stone (1997), rev. A. Treher (2015), rev. M. McCormick (2023) and N. Ventrella (2025)
Threat ImpactMedium - low
Range Extent1000-5000 square km (about 400-2000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences6 - 20
Rank Reasons
Penstemon bracteatus is a perennial forb occurring in gravel, talus slopes, and stone slides of the Tertiary Claron Formation in sparse conifer woodlands of the western United States, where it is endemic to Garfield, Iron, and Kane counties of Utah. There are 19 estimated occurrences of this species, which are threatened by potential collection of plants and seeds from the wild for horticultural use, recreational uses of habitat, and drought. Some occurrences receive protection in Bryce Canyon National Park and in the Red Canyon Research Natural Area of Dixie National Forest. However, plants in the Red Canyon area may also be subject to impacts from increased recreational use (camping, hiking, off-road vehicles).
Range Extent Comments
Penstemon bracteatus occurs in the western United States, where it is endemic to Garfield, Iron, and Kane counties of Utah (Utah Native Plant Society 2025). Specifically, it is found on the Paunsaugunt Plateau (Garfield and Kane Counties), in the western foothills of the Escalante Mountains (Garfield County), and on the western base of the Markagunt Plateau near Parowan (Iron County) (UNHP 2023). Range extent was calculated using data from the Utah Rare Plant Database (2023), excluding historical observations over 40 years old (UNHP 2023).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 2 km separation distance to population location data from the Utah Rare Plant Database (2023), there are 19 estimated occurrences, excluding historical observations over 40 years old (UNHP 2023).
Threat Impact Comments
Threats to Penstemon bracteatus include potential collection of plants and seeds from the wild for horticultural use (Alexander 2016), and recreational uses of habitat (hiking, off-road vehicle use, camping) (UNHP 2023). In Bryce Canyon National Park, this species is vulnerable to inadvertent trampling by off-trail hikers (NPS 2015). Loss of habitat from building roads and logging has also been noted (Utah Division of Natural Resources 2025). Drought may also be impacting this species throughout its range. As of 2025, according to the North American Drought Monitor, Utah is in "severe" to "exceptional" drought in many parts of the state, which is likely impacting this species in similar ways as it is other desert perennial forbs in Utah (Hadwen et al. 2025).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Penstemon bracteatus occurs on stone slides, talus slopes, or gravels of white and pink Claron Formation limestones in sparse woodlands of ponderosa pine, bristlecone pine/manzanita, limber pine, and pinon pine from 2,100 to 2,500 m in elevation (FNA 2019, Utah Native Plant Society 2025).

Reproduction

Penstemon bracteatus produces flowers from May through July (Utah Native Plant Society 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - ConiferWoodland - ConiferBare rock/talus/scree
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN3
ProvinceRankNative
UtahS3Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
4 - Transportation & service corridorsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
4.1 - Roads & railroadsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
5 - Biological resource useRestricted (11-30%)Moderate - slightHigh (continuing)
5.1 - Hunting & collecting terrestrial animalsRestricted (11-30%)Moderate - slightHigh (continuing)
5.1.1 - Intentional use (species being assessed is the target)Restricted (11-30%)Moderate - slightHigh (continuing)
5.3 - Logging & wood harvestingUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
5.3.5 - Motivation unknown/unrecordedUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
6.1 - Recreational activitiesRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
11 - Climate change & severe weatherPervasive (71-100%)Moderate - slightHigh (continuing)
11.2 - DroughtsPervasive (71-100%)Moderate - slightHigh (continuing)

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (4)
Utah (4)
AreaForestAcres
Casto BluffDixie National Forest87,466
FishhookDixie National Forest12,959
Red Canyon NorthDixie National Forest9,973
Red Canyon SouthDixie National Forest3,736
References (17)
  1. Albee, B.J., L.M. Shultz, and S. Goodrich. 1988. Atlas of the vascular plants of Utah. Utah Museum Natural History Occasional Publication 7, Salt Lake City, Utah. 670 pp.
  2. Alexander, J. 2016. The Utah Native Plant Society Rare Plant List: Version 2. Calochortiana. 3: 1-248.
  3. Cronquist, A., A.H. Holmgren, N.H. Holmgren, J.L. Reveal, and P.K. Holmgren. 1984. Intermountain Flora: Vascular Plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Vol. 4, Subclass Asteridae (except Asteraceae). New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 573 pp.
  4. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2019. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 17: Magnoliophyta: Tetrachondraceae to Orobanchaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 737 pp.
  5. Hadwen, T., Lopez, M., Simeral, D., and B. Rippey. 2025. North American Drought Monitor. Cooperative effort between the National Drought Mitigation Center, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Online. Available: <a href="https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/NADM/Home.aspx">https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/NADM/Home.aspx</a> (accessed 2025).
  6. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  7. Keck, D.D. 1934. A new Penstemon from Utah. Leaflets Western Botany 1: 82-83.
  8. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  9. Peabody, F., 1991. Rare Plants of Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah. The UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports, <i>15</i>, pp.61-63.
  10. Spahr, R., L. Armstrong, D. Atwood, and M. Rath. 1991. Threatened, endangered, and sensitive species of the Intermountain Region. U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah.
  11. U.S. National Park Service (NPS). 2015. February 24th last update. Red Canyon Penstemon (<i>Penstemon bracteatus</i>) fact sheet. Bryce Canyon National Park, Bryce, UT. Online. Available: <a href="https://www.nps.gov/brca/learn/nature/platypenstemon.htm">www.nps.gov/brca/learn/nature/platypenstemon.htm</a> (accessed 2025).
  12. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. 2025. Utah Field Guide: Red Canyon Beardtongue (<i>Penstemon bracteatus</i>). Online. Available: <a href="https://fieldguide.wildlife.utah.gov/?species=penstemon%20bracteatus">https://fieldguide.wildlife.utah.gov/?species=penstemon%20bracteatus</a> (accessed 2025).
  13. Utah Native Plant Society. 2003-2025. Utah rare plant guide. Utah Native Plant Society, Salt Lake City, UT. Online. Available: https://www.utahrareplants.org. (accessed 2025).
  14. Utah Natural Heritage Program (UNHP). 2023. Element Subnational Ranking Form: <i>Penstemon bracteatus</i> in Biotics 5 database. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia (accessed 16 April 2025).
  15. Utah Natural Heritage Program (UNHP). 2023. Utah Rare Plant Database (accessed 2023).
  16. Welsh, S.L. 1979. Illustrated manual of proposed endangered and threatened plants of Utah. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT. 318 pp.
  17. Welsh, S.L., N.D. Atwood, S. Goodrich, and L.C. Higgins. (Eds). 2015. A Utah flora, fifth edition, revised 2015. Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Provo, Utah. 987 pp.