Sarracenia leucophylla

Raf.

Whitetop Pitcherplant

G3Vulnerable Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G3VulnerableGlobal Rank
VulnerableIUCN
HighThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149341
Element CodePDSAR02030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNVulnerable
CITESAppendix II
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderNepenthales
FamilySarraceniaceae
GenusSarracenia
Other Common Names
Crimson Pitcherplant (EN) crimson pitcherplant (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodLegacy Rank calculation - Excel v3.1x
Review Date2018-09-10
Change Date1988-10-13
Edition Date2018-09-10
Edition AuthorsGordon, K.L. (1987), rev. Treher (2018)
Threat ImpactHigh
Range Extent20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Sarracenia leucophylla is a regional coastal plain endemic occurring in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi. It can be locally abundant with population sizes in the thousands. While there are hundreds of occurrences with many on protected lands, the species has many threats across it's range. The greatest threats to the species is fire suppression and conversion of habitat to pine plantations.
Range Extent Comments
Sarracenia leucophylla is a regional coastal plain endemic occurring from western Georgia south to Florida and east to southeastern Mississippi.
Occurrences Comments
There are hundreds of known, extant occurrences in coastal Alabama and Florida where the species is most common. There are 2-3 extant occurrences in Georgia with an additional four historic and one extirpated. There are 20 occurrences in Mississippi but about half of those are historic.
Threat Impact Comments
The greatest threat to this species is fire suppression which allows invasive species and woody species to encroach on the habitat. Logging and development are threats, directly through habitat loss/conversion and indirectly through siltation of habitat and other downstream impacts. Creating pine plantations, also involve ditching and clearing, prior to planting to pines. Ditching, including for mosquito control, alters the hydrology of the species habitat. Also hillside bogs, where the species can occur, lend themselves to stock pond creation. Hybridization with other species of Sarracenia is known to occur. This species is collected for horticulture but the degree of this threat is unknown. More localized threats include feral pigs, off road vehicles, road maintenance, mowing, and grazing.
Ecology & Habitat

Diagnostic Characteristics

Sarracenia leucophylla may be characterized by areas of whitish tissue all around the summit of the leaf and throughout the hood, the areas of whitish tissue enclosed by a conspicuous network of reddish venation; hood erect or somewhat arched but the blade held well aloft over the orifice; petals maroon (Godfrey and Wooten 1981).

Habitat

Bogs, wet pine savannas or flatwoods, boggy borders of branch bays and cypress depressions, boggy areas by small streams.
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandWoodland - MixedSavanna
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDBog/fenRiparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN3
ProvinceRankNative
FloridaS3Yes
AlabamaS3Yes
GeorgiaS1Yes
North CarolinaSNANo
MississippiS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentRestricted (11-30%)Extreme - seriousHigh (continuing)
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
4 - Transportation & service corridorsRestricted (11-30%)Serious - slightHigh (continuing)
4.1 - Roads & railroadsRestricted (11-30%)Serious - slightHigh (continuing)
5 - Biological resource useLarge - restrictedSerious - moderateHigh (continuing)
5.3 - Logging & wood harvestingLarge - restrictedSerious - moderateHigh (continuing)
5.3.1 - Intentional use: subsistence/small scale (species being assessed is the target) [harvest]UnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceRestricted (11-30%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
6.1 - Recreational activitiesRestricted (11-30%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
7 - Natural system modificationsPervasive (71-100%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)
7.1 - Fire & fire suppressionPervasive (71-100%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL, Long-lived, SPRING-FLOWERING
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (1)
Florida (1)
AreaForestAcres
Gum BayApalachicola National Forest11,645
References (5)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2009. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 8. Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 585 pp.
  2. Godfrey, R.K., and J.W. Wooten. 1981. Aquatic and wetland plants of southeastern United States: Dicotyledons. Univ. Georgia Press, Athens. 933 pp.
  3. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  4. McCollum, J.L., and D.R. Ettman. 1987. Georgia's protected plants. Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources, and the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Social Circle, GA. 64 pp.
  5. Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project. 2002. A partnership between the U.S. Forest Service-Region 8, Natural Heritage Programs in the Southeast, NatureServe, and independent scientists to develop and review data on 1300+ regionally and locally rare species in the Southern Appalachian and Alabama region. Database (Access 97) provided to the U.S. Forest Service by NatureServe, Durham, North Carolina.