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Anthoceros fusiformis

Aust.

a hornwort

G3Vulnerable (G3G4) Found in 5 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →

G3VulnerableGlobal Rank

Identity

Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.125025

Element CodeNBANT01030

Record TypeSPECIES

ClassificationSpecies

Classification StatusStandard

Name CategoryNonvascular Plant

Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations

KingdomPlantae

PhylumAnthocerotophyta

ClassAnthocerotopsida

OrderAnthocerotales

FamilyAnthocerotaceae

GenusAnthoceros

Concept Reference

Stotler, R. and B. Crandall-Stotler. 1977. A checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of North America. The Bryologist 80(3): 405-428.

Conservation Status

Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2

Review Date2021-04-21

Change Date2021-04-21

Edition Date1999-08-03

Edition AuthorsMartinez, M.

Range Extent20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles)

Number of Occurrences21 - 300

Rank Reasons

Known from the Pacific coast of North America and from Japan. Occurs along both sides of the north Pacific Ocean, from California to British Columbia in North America and through the northern parts of Japanese Archipelago in Asia (Hasegawa 1984).

Range Extent Comments

Occurs on the Pacific Coasts of Japan and North America, ranging from British Columbia south to California (Doyle and Stotler 2006).

Ecology & Habitat

Description

The thallus of Anthoceros fusiformis forms a rosette of strap-shaped, overlapping branches with crisped margins. There are other distinctive characters: numerous lamellae of various lengths on the dorsal surface of the thallus, capsules with mature spores of 4-10 cm in length, and low, unbranched spines on a complex basal reticulum on the distal spore face. The proximal spore face has coarse irregular papillae on a basal reticulum, which do not extend to the triradiate ridge, resulting in a narrowstrip on both sides of the triradiate ridge without papillae or alveolae (Doyle and Stotler 2006).

Diagnostic Characteristics

Distinguished from other species of Anthoceros, by its large thalli with numerous dorsal lamellae, distal spore face with short spines on a complex reticulum, and the papillose proximal face with papillae that do not extend to the triradiate ridge (Doyle and Stotler 2006).

Habitat

Occurs on easily disturbed soils along trails, on road banks, hillsides, and landslides. Sometimes found on exposed areas in close proximity to seepages or areas shaded by shrubs and trees. Infrequentlly found on rocks with moss. Occurs over a wide range of elevations (7-1200(2340) m) (Doyle and Stotler 2006).

Reproduction

Mature sporophytes from March through August (Doyle and Stotler 2006).

Other Nations (2)

United StatesNNR

Province	Rank	Native
Oregon	SNR	Yes
California	SNR	Yes
Washington	SNR	Yes

CanadaN3

Province	Rank	Native
British Columbia	S3	Yes

Plant Characteristics

DurationPERENNIAL

Economic Value (Genus)No

Roadless Areas (5)

California (4)

Area	Forest	Acres
Ferguson Ridge	Sierra National Forest	6,104
Russian	Klamath National Forest	21,771
Snoozer	Klamath National Forest	23,414
Trumbull Peak	Stanislaus National Forest	6,164

Washington (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Nason Ridge	Wenatchee National Forest	19,329

References (5)

Costa, J., P. Paulsrud, J. Rikkinen, and P. Lindblad. 2001. Genetic Diversity of Nostoc Symbionts Endophytically Associated with Two Bryophyte Species. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67(9):4393-4396.
Doyle, W.T., and R.E. Stotler. 2006. Contributions toward a bryoflora of California III. Keys and annotated species catalogue for liverworts and hornworts. Madroño 53(2): 89-197.
Hasegawa, J. 1984. Taxonomical studies on Asian Anthocerotae IV. A revision of the general Anthoceros, Phaeoceros and Folioceros in Japan. Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 57:241-272.
Stotler, R. and B. Crandall-Stotler. 1977. A checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of North America. The Bryologist 80(3): 405-428.
Stotler, R. E. and B. Crandall-Stotler. 2005. A revised classification of the Anthocerotophya and a checklist of the Hornworts of North America, north of Mexico. The Bryologist 108(1):16-26.