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Coccotis coccogenis

(Cope, 1868)

Warpaint Shiner

G5Secure Found in 20 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105496
Element CodeAFCJB51050
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyLeuciscidae
GenusCoccotis
Synonyms
Luxilus coccogenis(Cope, 1868)Notropis coccogenis(Cope, 1868)
Concept Reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
Based on phylogenomic analyses, Stout et al. (2022) resurrect the genus Coccotis Jordan, 1882 for this species. This generic change is accepted by Page et al. 2023.

Removed from genus Notropis and placed in genus (formerly subgenus) Luxilus by Mayden (1989) and Coburn and Cavender (1992); this change was adopted in the 1991 AFS checklist (Robins et al. 1991). See Dowling et al. (1992) for information on evolutionary relationships among Luxilus shiners based on mtDNA data. See Powers and Gold (1992) for information on phylogenetic relationships among Luxilus shiners based on an analysis of chromosomal NOR variatio.
Conservation Status
Review Date1996-09-18
Change Date1996-09-18
Range Extent Comments
Upper Tennessee River drainage, western Virginia, western North Carolina, northern Georgia, northern Alabama, and eastern and southern Tennessee, and adjacent tributaries of Savannah River, North Carolina and South Carolina, Santee River, North Carolina, and New River, North Carolina; may be introduced in Santee and New river drainages; common (Page and Burr 1991).
Occurrences Comments
This species is represented by a large number of subpopulations and locations.
Threat Impact Comments
Localized threats may exist, but on a range-wide scale no major threats are known.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Riffles and flowing pools of usually clear fast creeks and small to medium rivers. Typically in upper to middle levels of water column over bottom of rubble and gravel. Spawns in riffles and rapids, often over nests of Nocomis micropogon.

Reproduction

Spawns early June to mid-July. Most are sexually mature in 2 years.
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
GeorgiaS3Yes
AlabamaS1Yes
VirginiaS3Yes
TennesseeS5Yes
North CarolinaS5Yes
South CarolinaS3Yes
Roadless Areas (20)
Georgia (4)
AreaForestAcres
Ellicott Rock AdditionChattahoochee National Forest690
Indian Grave GapChattahoochee National Forest1,020
Rocky MountainChattahoochee National Forest4,269
Sarah's CreekChattahoochee National Forest6,888
North Carolina (9)
AreaForestAcres
Balsam ConePisgah National Forest10,591
Harper CreekPisgah National Forest7,325
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Mackey MountainPisgah National Forest5,934
Overflow CreekNantahala National Forest3,379
Wesser BaldNantahala National Forest4,061
Wilson CreekPisgah National Forest4,863
Woods MountainPisgah National Forest9,602
Yellowhammer Branch (add.)Nantahala National Forest1,255
South Carolina (1)
AreaForestAcres
Ellicott Rock 2Sumter National Forest517
Tennessee (4)
AreaForestAcres
Beaver Dam CreekCherokee National Forest5,070
Brushy RidgeCherokee National Forest7,469
Sampson Mountain AdditionCherokee National Forest3,064
Slide HollowCherokee National Forest4,057
Virginia (2)
AreaForestAcres
Beaver Dam CreekJefferson National Forest1,135
New London Bridge BranchJefferson National Forest844
References (21)
  1. Boschung, H. T., and R. L. Mayden. 2004. Fishes of Alabama. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. 960 pp.
  2. Burr, Brooks M. (Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University) and Donovan B. Henry. 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. June 2000.
  3. Coburn, M. M., and T. M. Cavender. 1992. Interrelationships of North American cyprinid fishes. Pages 328-373 in R.L. Mayden, editor. Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. xxvi + 969 pp.
  4. Dowling, T.E., W.R. Hoeh, G.R. Smith and W.M. Brown. 1992a. Evolutionary relationships of shiners in the genus <i>Luxilus</i> (Cyprinidae) as determined by analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Copeia 1992:306-322.
  5. Etnier, D. A., and W. C. Starnes. 1993. The fishes of Tennessee. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee. xiv + 681 pp.
  6. Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. and R. van der Laan (eds). 2023. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: genera, species, references.(http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version 2023.
  7. Jenkins, R. E., and N. M. Burkhead. 1994. Freshwater fishes of Virginia. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. xxiii + 1079 pp.
  8. Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina. i-x + 854 pp.
  9. Mayden, R. L. 1989. Phylogenetic studies of North American minnows, with emphasis on the genus <i>Cyprinella</i> (Teleostei: Cypriniformes). University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Miscellaneous Publication (80):1-189.
  10. Menhinick, E. F. 1991. The freshwater fishes of North Carolina. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission. 227 pp.
  11. Mettee, Maurice. F. "Scott" (Icthyologist, Geological Survey of Alabama). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, TNC. April 2000.
  12. Mettee, M. F., P. E. O'Neil, and J. M. Pierson. 1996. Fishes of Alabama and the Mobile Basin. Oxmoor House, Birmingham, Alabama. 820 pp.
  13. Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
  14. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
  15. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
  16. Page, L. M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, R. L. Mayden, and J. S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
  17. Page, L. M., K. E. Bemis, T. E. Dowling, H.S. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, K. E. Hartel, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, M. A. Neigbors, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, and H. J. Walker, Jr. 2023. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
  18. Powers, P. K., and J. R. Gold. 1992. Cytogenetic studies in North American minnows (Cyprinidae): XX. Chromosomal NOR variation in the genus <i>Luxilus</i>. Copeia 1992:332-343.
  19. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
  20. Skelton, Christopher E. (Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Georgia Natural Heritage Program). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, TNC. March 2000.
  21. Stout, C., S. Schonhuth, R, Mayden, N.L. Garrison, and J.W. Armbruster. 2022. Phylogenomics and classification of <i>Notropis</i> and related shiners (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae) and the utility of exon capture on lower taxonomic groups. PeerJ, 10, p.e14072.