Rhynchospora alba

(L.) Vahl

White Beakrush

G5Secure Found in 22 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.160148
Element CodePMCYP0N010
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderCyperales
FamilyCyperaceae
GenusRhynchospora
Other Common Names
Rhynchospore blanc (FR) white beaksedge (EN) White Beaksedge (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-06-24
Change Date1984-08-29
Edition Date2025-06-24
Edition AuthorsMacBryde, Bruce; rev. R. Bittman (2013), rev. Enns (2016), rev. Eberly (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Rhynchospora alba is a wide ranging perennial sedge that occurs in acidic, nutrient poor wetlands spanning a wide range of elevation (coastal plain ponds to mountain bogs) throughout the northern hemisphere in North America, Europe, and Asia. With a large range extent, thousands of occurrences, and abundant habitat over large parts of its range, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Rhynchospora alba is found throughout the northern hemisphere including North America (United States and Canada), Europe, and Asia (China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Russia) (FNA 2002, Wu and Raven 2010). It occurs in boreal regions of Alaska and Canada and the northern United States, ranging southward in the U.S. in the Great Lakes Basin, the southeastern Coastal Plain, and in mountain bog or seepy sites in the western and eastern United States, including the upper Luquillo Mountain of Puerto Rico (Axelrod 2011). Range extent was estimated using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium records and photo-based observations documented between 1994 and 2025, there are estimated to be thousands of occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
In the southeastern United States, it is highly threatened by land-use conversion, habitat fragmentation, and pollution (sedimentation, chemicals from Christmas tree plantations); it is also threatened to a lesser extent by succession and forest management practices (Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project 2002). The threats of peat mining and alterations to hydrology are potential issues rangewide as this species is frequently found in wetlands and peat bogs rangewide (FNA 2002), but the scope and severity of these threat needs additional information to verify.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Rhynchospora alba grows in wetland habitats with acidic, nutrient poor, typically sphagnous/peaty substrates. It is found in inland or mountain bogs, often on floating mats, fens, coastal plain ponds, limesinks, or peaty pockets of rocky shores at a variety of elevations ranging from 0 to 2,000 meters (FNA 2002, Weakley and Southeastern Flora Team 2025).
Palustrine Habitats
TEMPORARY POOLHERBACEOUS WETLANDBog/fen
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
New BrunswickS5Yes
British ColumbiaS5Yes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
Northwest TerritoriesS2Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS4Yes
OntarioS5Yes
SaskatchewanS3Yes
Prince Edward IslandS4Yes
QuebecS5Yes
LabradorS2Yes
ManitobaS3Yes
AlbertaSUYes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
VermontS4Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
ColoradoS1Yes
AlabamaS1Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
AlaskaSNRYes
PennsylvaniaSNRYes
IndianaS3Yes
TennesseeSHYes
New JerseyS5Yes
North CarolinaS2Yes
MichiganSNRYes
OregonS2Yes
WashingtonSNRYes
New HampshireSNRYes
ConnecticutSNRYes
IdahoS3Yes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
IllinoisS1Yes
VirginiaS2Yes
District of ColumbiaSXYes
MaineSNRYes
OhioS3Yes
South CarolinaSXYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
DelawareS2Yes
MarylandS3Yes
GeorgiaS1Yes
West VirginiaS4Yes
CaliforniaS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
2.1 - Annual & perennial non-timber cropsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
2.2 - Wood & pulp plantationsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
3 - Energy production & miningUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
3.2 - Mining & quarryingUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
7 - Natural system modificationsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
7.2 - Dams & water management/useUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
9 - PollutionUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
9.3 - Agricultural & forestry effluentsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
9.3.1 - Nutrient loadsUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (22)
Alaska (10)
AreaForestAcres
EudoraTongass National Forest195,022
Five MileTongass National Forest19,459
GravinaTongass National Forest37,381
HardingTongass National Forest174,349
LindenbergTongass National Forest25,855
MadanTongass National Forest68,553
North ClevelandTongass National Forest105,288
North RevillaTongass National Forest215,430
South KruzofTongass National Forest55,193
South RevillaTongass National Forest52,105
California (1)
AreaForestAcres
Middle YubaTahoe National Forest7,379
Colorado (1)
AreaForestAcres
San MiguelSan Juan NF64,263
Minnesota (3)
AreaForestAcres
Baldpate LakeSuperior National Forest486
Hegman LakesSuperior National Forest675
Phantom LakeSuperior National Forest6,521
New Hampshire (2)
AreaForestAcres
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Pemigewasset ExtWhite Mountain National Forest15,840
Vermont (1)
AreaForestAcres
Wilder Mountain 09082Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests8,759
West Virginia (3)
AreaForestAcres
Canaan LoopMonongahela National Forest7,867
Dolly Sods Roaring PlainMonongahela National Forest13,392
Mcgowan MountainMonongahela National Forest10,504
Wisconsin (1)
AreaForestAcres
09164 - Tea LakeChequamegon-Nicolet National Forest5,510
References (10)
  1. Axelrod, F.S. 2011. A Systematic Vademecum to the Vascular Plants of Puerto Rico. Botanical Research Institute of Texas Press, Fort Worth, Texas.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2002b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 23. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 608 pp.
  3. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  4. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  7. Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project. 2002. A partnership between the U.S. Forest Service-Region 8, Natural Heritage Programs in the Southeast, NatureServe, and independent scientists to develop and review data on 1300+ regionally and locally rare species in the Southern Appalachian and Alabama region. Database (Access 97) provided to the U.S. Forest Service by NatureServe, Durham, North Carolina.
  8. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  9. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).
  10. Wu, Z., and P.H. Raven. 2010. Flora of China. Volume 23: Acoraceae through Cyperaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, MO. 515 pp.