L.
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.160495
Element CodePMLIL1A030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderLiliales
FamilyLiliaceae
GenusLilium
Other Common NamesCanada lily (EN) Lis du Canada (FR)
Concept ReferenceKartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic CommentsKartesz (1994) recognizes two subspecies: Lilium canadense ssp. canadense and L. canadense ssp. editorium. Also hybridizes with L. michiganense where their ranges overlap. May have introgressed with L. grayi in the Appalachians. FNA (vol. 26, 2002) lumps subspecific taxa.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-09-19
Change Date1983-07-25
Edition Date2024-09-19
Edition AuthorsOpler, C., rev. N. Ventrella (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank ReasonsLilium canadense is a perennial herb occurring in wet meadows, rich woods, streamsides, and river alluvium, bogs, marshes, swamps, wet roadsides, and railroads of eastern North America from Ontario east to Nova Scotia, south to Alabama and Georgia, and north to Indiana in Canada and the United States. There are an estimated 1,500 occurrences of this species, which are threatened by the introduced lily beetle, development, rights-of-way maintenance, succession, invasive species, logging, collection from the wild for ornamental purposes, and other threats in some places. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent, a high number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, Lilium canadense is considered secure.
Range Extent CommentsLilium canadense occurs in eastern North America, from Ontario east to Nova Scotia, south to Alabama and Georgia, and north to Indiana in Canada and the United States (FNA 2002). Range extent was estimated to be 2.2 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences CommentsBy applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are more than 1,500 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Threat Impact CommentsIn New England, Lilium canadense is threatened by an introduced beetle, the lily leaf beetle (Lilioceris lilii) (Native Plant Trust 2024). Although threats are not widely documented, this species is also potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way maintenance, succession, invasive species, logging, collection from the wild for ornamental purposes, and other threats in some places (NatureServe 2024). However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, tolerance of light disturbance, and affinity for typically abundant habitats, as well as no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.