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Melospiza lincolnii

(Audubon, 1834)

Lincoln's Sparrow

G5Secure Found in 249 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105323
Element CodeABPBXA3020
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderPasseriformes
FamilyPasserellidae
GenusMelospiza
Other Common Names
Bruant de Lincoln (FR) Gorrión de Lincoln (ES)
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-04-09
Change Date1996-12-04
Range Extent Comments
BREEDING: western and central Alaska and Mackenzie across Canada through northern Saskatchewan to Labrador, south to southern California, southwestern U.S., southern Alberta, central Saskatchewan, central Michigan, New England, and Nova Scotia. NON-BREEDING: southern U.S. south regularly to Honduras, casually to central Panama; West Indies.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Bogs, wet meadows, riparian thickets, shrubby forest edge, marshes, brushy fields; mostly in northern and montane areas. Also jack pine plain barrens. BREEDING: Nests on ground in area of concealing vegetation; sometimes in low bush.

Ecology

Breeding territory about 0.4 ha (Terres 1980).

Reproduction

Clutch szie 3-6 (usually 4-5). Probably sometimes 2 broods per year. Incubation about 13 days, by female. Young tended by both parents, leave nest at 10-12 days.
Terrestrial Habitats
Woodland - ConiferShrubland/chaparralGrassland/herbaceousOld field
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLANDBog/fenRiparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5B,N5N
ProvinceRankNative
New HampshireS5BYes
FloridaSNAYes
WashingtonS4B,S4NYes
IdahoS5BYes
ConnecticutSNAYes
MarylandSNAYes
MaineS5B,S5NYes
MichiganS4Yes
PennsylvaniaSNAYes
South CarolinaS3NYes
UtahS4B,S3NYes
NebraskaSNRNYes
IllinoisSNAYes
MinnesotaSNRBYes
South DakotaSNAYes
North DakotaSNAYes
ArizonaS3B,S4NYes
ColoradoS5BYes
MontanaS5BYes
KansasS3NYes
GeorgiaS4Yes
LouisianaS4NYes
VermontS4BYes
ArkansasS4NYes
Navajo NationS1NYes
CaliforniaSNRB,SNRNYes
TexasS5Yes
MassachusettsS1B,S3MYes
IndianaS1NYes
MissouriSNAYes
WyomingS5B,S5NYes
OregonS4Yes
AlaskaS5BYes
KentuckySNAYes
New JerseyS4NYes
New MexicoS2B,S5NYes
West VirginiaSNAYes
MississippiSNAYes
VirginiaSNAYes
Rhode IslandSNAYes
OklahomaSNRNYes
North CarolinaS2NYes
NevadaS2B,S4NYes
WisconsinS3BYes
DelawareSNAYes
OhioSNAYes
New YorkS4BYes
TennesseeS3NYes
IowaS3B,S3NYes
AlabamaS3NYes
CanadaN5B,N5N
ProvinceRankNative
ManitobaS5BYes
NunavutSUBYes
LabradorS5BYes
Northwest TerritoriesS5Yes
Prince Edward IslandS3B,S4MYes
SaskatchewanS5BYes
AlbertaS5BYes
QuebecS5BYes
Island of NewfoundlandS5BYes
British ColumbiaS5B,SNRNYes
Nova ScotiaS4B,S5MYes
Yukon TerritoryS5BYes
OntarioS5BYes
New BrunswickS3B,S4MYes
Roadless Areas (249)
Alaska (33)
AreaForestAcres
Bering LakeChugach National Forest965,076
Boston BarChugach National Forest53,617
ChichagofTongass National Forest555,858
Chilkat-West Lynn CanalTongass National Forest199,772
College FiordChugach National Forest1,130,818
Copper River WetlandsChugach National Forest85,972
Douglas IslandTongass National Forest28,065
Game CreekTongass National Forest54,469
Hoonah SoundTongass National Forest79,764
HyderTongass National Forest121,723
Johnson PassChugach National Forest152,508
Juneau UrbanTongass National Forest101,581
Juneau-Skagway IcefieldTongass National Forest1,187,268
KekuTongass National Forest10,869
Kenai LakeChugach National Forest213,172
Kenai MountainsChugach National Forest306,600
LindenbergTongass National Forest25,855
MadanTongass National Forest68,553
Mansfield PeninsulaTongass National Forest54,991
Middle KruzofTongass National Forest14,724
North BaranofTongass National Forest314,089
North KruzofTongass National Forest33,146
North RevillaTongass National Forest215,430
RedoubtTongass National Forest68,347
ResurrectionChugach National Forest224,615
RhineTongass National Forest23,010
Roaded DonutChugach National Forest968
Sheridan GlacierChugach National Forest224,683
Sitka UrbanTongass National Forest112,003
South KruzofTongass National Forest55,193
Taku-SnettishamTongass National Forest664,928
Thorne RiverTongass National Forest72,983
Twenty MileChugach National Forest198,775
Arizona (11)
AreaForestAcres
BoulderTonto National Forest40,359
Butterfly Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest42,296
Catalina St. Pk. Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest951
ChiricahuaCoronado National Forest76,876
GaliuroCoronado National Forest28,333
GoldfieldTonto National Forest15,257
Lime CreekTonto National Forest42,568
Lower San FranciscoApache-Sitgreaves National Forests59,310
Oracle RoadlessCoronado National Forest22,365
PinalenoCoronado National Forest130,920
TumacacoriCoronado National Forest44,594
California (55)
AreaForestAcres
Black ButteMendocino National Forest15,461
CajonSan Bernardino National Forest7,548
Caples CreekEldorado National Forest17,854
Carson - IcebergStanislaus National Forest56,430
ChannellSequoia National Forest45,429
ChicoSequoia National Forest39,836
Chips CreekLassen National Forest29,089
City CreekSan Bernardino National Forest9,997
Crane Mtn.Modoc National Forest1,269
Cucamonga BSan Bernardino National Forest11,933
Cucamonga CSan Bernardino National Forest4,106
Cutca ValleyCleveland National Forest14,530
DardanellesEldorado National Forest8,110
Dry LakesLos Padres National Forest17,043
EbbettsHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest255
Fawn LakeEldorado National Forest1,153
Glass MountainInyo National Forest52,867
Greenhorn CreekSequoia National Forest28,226
GrindstoneMendocino National Forest26,031
Heart LakeLassen National Forest9,349
Hoover - NorthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,574
Iceberg - Mill CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest26,988
Kings RiverSierra National Forest52,999
LaddCleveland National Forest5,300
Log Cabin SaddlebagInyo National Forest15,165
Magic MountainAngeles National Forest15,542
MatilijaLos Padres National Forest5,218
Middle YubaTahoe National Forest7,379
Mill PeakSan Bernardino National Forest7,884
Mt. BidwellModoc National Forest11,687
Mt. EddyShasta-Trinity National Forest7,232
Mt. VidaModoc National Forest7,771
No NameCleveland National Forest4,897
North LakeInyo National Forest2,406
PaiuteInyo National Forest58,712
Raymond PeakStanislaus National Forest3,646
Raywood Flat BSan Bernardino National Forest11,373
Red MountainAngeles National Forest8,034
RinconSequoia National Forest54,610
San Gabriel AddAngeles National Forest2,527
San JoaquinSierra National Forest22,474
San SevaineSan Bernardino National Forest6,866
SherwinInyo National Forest3,140
Slate Mtn.Sequoia National Forest12,299
SoliderSix Rivers National Forest14,918
South SierraInyo National Forest41,853
South SierraSequoia National Forest8,008
Table Mtn.Inyo National Forest4,215
Tragedy - Elephants BackEldorado National Forest20,866
TuleAngeles National Forest9,861
WestforkAngeles National Forest4,407
Wilderness ContiguousMendocino National Forest3,606
WildhorseCleveland National Forest1,483
WoodpeckerSequoia National Forest11,936
WoolstaffSequoia National Forest41,445
Colorado (7)
AreaForestAcres
Bristol HeadRio Grande NF46,087
Comanche Peak Adjacent AreaArapaho & Roosevelt NFs44,158
Dome PeakRoutt NF35,716
HermosaSan Juan NF148,103
Long ParkRoutt NF42,100
San MiguelSan Juan NF64,263
Storm PeakSan Juan NF57,617
Idaho (7)
AreaForestAcres
Bear CreekCaribou-Targhee National Forest118,582
NeedlesPayette National Forest131,279
PalisadesCaribou-Targhee National Forest122,002
Peace RockBoise National Forest191,734
Pioneer MountainsSawtooth National Forest119,563
Pioneer MountainsSalmon-Challis National Forest172,460
SeceshPayette National Forest248,088
Montana (25)
AreaForestAcres
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLolo National Forest118,485
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLewis and Clark National Forest344,022
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanHelena National Forest51,360
Big Snowy Mountains WsaLewis and Clark National Forest88,003
Bmss Ra 1485Flathead National Forest334,275
BridgerGallatin National Forest45,059
Burnt MountainCuster National Forest10,698
Cabin Creek Wildlife Management Area OcdGallatin National Forest35,048
Cube Iron - SilcoxLolo National Forest36,998
ElkhornHelena National Forest75,468
Freezeout MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest97,305
Gallatin FringeGallatin National Forest51,571
Jerico MountainHelena National Forest8,445
Line Creek PlateauCuster National Forest24,825
LionheadGallatin National Forest33,549
MadisonGallatin National Forest127,859
Middle Fork Judith WsaLewis and Clark National Forest81,131
Mt. Gmt Area HCuster National Forest1,335
North AbsarokaGallatin National Forest159,075
North AbsarokaCuster National Forest21,063
Red Lodge Creek HellroaringCuster National Forest17,210
SapphireBitterroot National Forest43,303
SapphiresBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest66,619
Silver KingBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest64,289
Stony MountainBitterroot National Forest44,057
Nevada (9)
AreaForestAcres
Angel Peak NorthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest12,577
Jarbidge - Biroth RdgHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,887
Jarbidge - Canyon CkHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest3,258
Jarbidge - Slide CkHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest752
Pearl PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest71,405
Rose - GalenaHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest3,711
Rose - Whites CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest2,568
Ruby - Lamoille CynHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest32,771
Ruby - ThompsonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,289
New Mexico (20)
AreaForestAcres
Canyon CreekGila National Forest9,824
Columbine - Hondo Wilderness Study AreaCarson National Forest43,739
Contiguous To Black & Aldo Leopold WildernessGila National Forest111,883
Contiguous To Gila Wilderness & Primitive AreaGila National Forest79,049
Devils CreekGila National Forest89,916
GallinasSanta Fe National Forest13,208
Gila BoxGila National Forest23,759
Grass MountainSanta Fe National Forest3,254
Holy GhostSanta Fe National Forest2,352
Last Chance CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
Latir PeakCarson National Forest3,573
Meadow CreekGila National Forest34,167
Nichols ReservoirSanta Fe National Forest1,518
PecosCarson National Forest13,436
Pecos WS RiverSanta Fe National Forest5,396
RendijaSanta Fe National Forest2,176
Ryan HillCibola National Forest34,201
Sawyers PeakGila National Forest59,743
South Guadalupe MountainsLincoln National Forest20,930
Valle Del ToroSanta Fe National Forest1,862
North Carolina (2)
AreaForestAcres
BearwallowPisgah National Forest4,113
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Oregon (18)
AreaForestAcres
Crane MountainFremont National Forest23,096
DoneganUmpqua National Forest5,914
HellholeUmatilla National Forest65,679
Hurricane CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest1,606
Jackson Creek AppendageUmpqua National Forest4,673
Lake ForkWallowa-Whitman National Forest21,936
Lonesome Meadow AppendageUmpqua National Forest930
Maiden PeakDeschutes National Forest26,432
Maiden PeakWillamette National Forest9,627
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
Mt. BaileyUmpqua National Forest18,401
Myrtle SilviesMalheur National Forest11,679
SherwoodUmpqua National Forest2,449
Twin LakesMt. Hood National Forest6,055
Twin MountainWallowa-Whitman National Forest58,533
Upper Grande RondeWallowa-Whitman National Forest11,723
Waldo - FujiWillamette National Forest15,273
Walla Walla RiverUmatilla National Forest34,416
South Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Indian CreekBuffalo Gap National Grassland24,666
Texas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Big CreekNational Forests in Texas1,447
Utah (19)
AreaForestAcres
0419020Ashley National Forest355,684
418001Uinta National Forest5,697
418003Uinta National Forest10,912
418028Uinta National Forest34,002
418029Uinta National Forest15,673
FishhookDixie National Forest12,959
HancockDixie National Forest9,809
High Uintas (UT)Wasatch-Cache National Forest102,398
LakesWasatch-Cache National Forest121,967
Lava BedsDixie National Forest14,944
Mt. Logan NorthWasatch-Cache National Forest18,930
Mt. Logan SouthWasatch-Cache National Forest17,014
Mt. Logan WestWasatch-Cache National Forest5,285
Mt. OlympusWasatch-Cache National Forest9,982
Right Hand Fork LoganWasatch-Cache National Forest15,023
SanpitchManti-Lasal National Forest29,129
Temple PeakWasatch-Cache National Forest24,081
Tushar MountainFishlake National Forest39,992
Twin PeaksWasatch-Cache National Forest6,157
Virginia (3)
AreaForestAcres
Bear CreekJefferson National Forest18,274
Brush MountainJefferson National Forest6,002
Oak KnobGeorge Washington National Forest10,882
Washington (12)
AreaForestAcres
Blue SlideWenatchee National Forest17,505
Dark DivideGifford Pinchot National Forest52,483
Devils GulchWenatchee National Forest24,419
EntiatWenatchee National Forest72,617
Goat Rocks AdjWenatchee National Forest6,108
Granite MountainOkanogan National Forest27,428
HorseshoeGifford Pinchot National Forest7,579
Long SwampOkanogan National Forest66,344
NaneumWenatchee National Forest4,508
Norse PeakWenatchee National Forest10,169
South MidwayGifford Pinchot National Forest2,384
TiffanyOkanogan National Forest22,045
Wyoming (26)
AreaForestAcres
Beartooth Proposed WildernessShoshone National Forest16,837
Canyon CreekShoshone National Forest7,530
Cloud Peak ContiguousBighorn National Forest113,757
French CreekMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest5,928
Grayback RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest295,113
Gros Ventre MountainsBridger-Teton National Forest106,418
Horse Creek MesaBighorn National Forest77,808
Leigh CreekBighorn National Forest19,180
Libby FlatsMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest11,107
Little BighornBighorn National Forest133,949
Middle ForkShoshone National Forest51,772
Middle ForkMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest13,238
Mosquito Lake - Seven LakesBridger-Teton National Forest51,950
PalisadesTarghee National Forest1,121
Pass CreekShoshone National Forest6,172
Phillips RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest10,108
Sibley LakeBighorn National Forest10,367
Snowy RangeMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest29,660
South Beartooth HighwayShoshone National Forest105,570
Spread Creek - Gros Ventre RiverBridger-Teton National Forest166,097
Teton Corridor TrailheadsBridger-Teton National Forest286
Togwotee PassShoshone National Forest7,344
Walker PrairieBighorn National Forest62,434
West Slope TetonsTarghee National Forest47,448
West Slope WindsBridger-Teton National Forest143,252
Wilderness Study AreaTarghee National Forest51,961
References (24)
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  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. Balda, R. P., and G. C. Bateman. 1971. Flocking and annual cycle of the piñon jay, <i>Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus</i>. Condor 73:287-302.
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  6. Harrison, C. 1978. A Field Guide to the Nests, Eggs and Nestlings of North American Birds. Collins, Cleveland, Ohio.
  7. Harrison, H. H. 1979. A field guide to western birds' nests. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 279 pp.
  8. Hilty, S. J., J. A. Gwynne, and G. Tudor. 2003. The birds of Venezuela, 2nd edition. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
  9. Horn, H. S. 1968. The adaptive significance of colonial nesting in the Brewer's Blackbird. Ecology 49:682-694.
  10. Howell, S. N. G., and S. Webb. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  11. Ligon, J. D. 1971. Late summer-autumnal breeding of the piñon jay in New Mexico. Condor 73:147-153.
  12. Moore, W. S., and R. A. Dolbeer. 1989. The use of banding recovery data to estimate dispersal rates and gene flow in avian species: case studies in the Red-winged Blackbird and Common Grackle. Condor 91:242-253.
  13. Parker III, T. A., D. F. Stotz, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 1996. Ecological and distributional databases for neotropical birds. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  14. Poole, A. F. and F. B. Gill. 1992. The birds of North America. The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. and The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA.
  15. Raffaele, H., J. Wiley, O. Garrido, A. Keith, and J. Raffaele. 1998. A guide to the birds of the West Indies. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. 511 pp.
  16. Ridgely, R. S. and J. A. Gwynne, Jr. 1989. A Guide to the Birds of Panama. 2nd edition. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
  17. Sibley, D. A. 2000a. The Sibley guide to birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  18. Stiles, F. G. and A. F. Skutch. 1989. A guide to the birds of Costa Rica. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, USA. 511 pp.
  19. Tarvin, K. A., and G. E. Woolfenden. 1999. Blue Jay (<i>Cyanocitta cristata</i>). No. 469 IN A. Poole and F. Gill, editors. The birds of North America. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA. 32pp.
  20. Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  21. Thompson, F. R., III. 1994. Temporal and spatial patterns of breeding brown-headed cowbirds in the midwestern United States. Auk 111:979-990.
  22. Williams, L. 1952b. Breeding behavior of the Brewer blackbird. Condor 54:3-47.
  23. Willson, M. F. 1966. Breeding ecology of the Yellow-headed Blackbird. Ecological Monographs 36:51-77.
  24. Zook, J. L. 2002. Distribution maps of the birds of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Unpublished.