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Home/Species/ Blue-winged Warbler

Vermivora cyanoptera

Olson and Reveal, 2009

Blue-winged Warbler

G5Secure Found in 5 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105701
Element CodeABPBX01020
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderPasseriformes
FamilyParulidae
GenusVermivora
Synonyms
Vermivora pinus(Linnaeus, 1766)
Other Common Names
Chipe Ala Azul (ES) Paruline à ailes bleues (FR)
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Taxonomic Comments
Formerly Vermivora pinus (Linnaeus), but see Olson and Reveal (2009), who showed that the 1766 Linnaean name Certhia pinus is a composite name based on illustrations of birds of two species, the Pine Warbler, now known as Dendroica pinus, and the Blue-winged Warbler, until now Vermivora pinus. They concluded that the name Certhia pinus applies to the Pine Warbler, and that the name Vermivora pinus (Linnaeus) is not available for the Blue-winged Warbler, nor is Sylvia solitaria (Wilson) or any other name. They proposed the new name Vermivora cyanoptera for this species (AOU 2010).
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-04-10
Change Date1996-12-03
Edition Date2014-11-17
Edition AuthorsJue, Dean K.
Range Extent200,000 to >2,500,000 square km (about 80,000 to >1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Still common.
Range Extent Comments
BREEDING: eastern Nebraska east across Great Lakes region to New England, south to Arkansas, northern Alabama, northern Georgia, Maryland, and Delaware (AOU 1998). NON-BREEDING: Puebla south through Veracruz, Oaxaca, Yucatan Peninsula, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras, to central Panama (Stiles and Skutch 1989, AOU 1998). Estimated size of 750,00 square kilometers by Birdlife International (2014).
Occurrences Comments
This species has an extremely large range with no statistically significant decrese over the last 40 years (Birdlife International, 2014).
Threat Impact Comments
Frequent host of Brown-headed Cowbird (MOLOTHRUS ATER; Ehrlich et al. 1988). Suburban expansion of the human population is depleting habitat for this species. For example, nine former breeding sites in northeastern Ohio have been converted to housing developments; Blue-winged Warblers no longer breed there. Tropical deforestation to make way for coffee plantations and other monoculture-type crops may be reducing the species' winter range. Conservation concerns are highest in the states of Connecticut, New Jersey, Ohio, Kentucky, and Alabama (National Audubon Society, 2014).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

BREEDING: Brushy hillsides, second growth, partly open situations with saplings, bogs, woodland edge and clearings, stream edges, overgrown pastures, swamps. Nests close to or on ground, in bushes, weeds, or grasses, or under bushes, or between exposed roots of stump (Terres 1980).

NON-BREEDING: In migration and winter, occurs in brushy areas, scrub, and open woodland (Terres 1980). In the Yucatan, Mexico is a tropical forest specialist (Lynch 1989).

Reproduction

Clutch size is four-seven (usually five-six). Incubation, by female, lasts about 10-12 days. Young leave nest at 8-11 days.
Terrestrial Habitats
Woodland - HardwoodShrubland/chaparralOld field
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDBog/fenRiparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5B
ProvinceRankNative
New HampshireS4BYes
TexasS4Yes
ColoradoSNAYes
OklahomaS1BYes
South DakotaSNAYes
ArkansasS3B,S5NYes
IndianaS4BYes
MissouriSNRBYes
North CarolinaS2BYes
TennesseeS4Yes
Rhode IslandS5BYes
MississippiSNAYes
IowaS3B,S4NYes
PennsylvaniaS4B,S4MYes
KansasSNAYes
South CarolinaS3Yes
WisconsinS4BYes
DelawareS1BYes
VermontS3BYes
FloridaSNAYes
MichiganS5Yes
AlabamaS3BYes
West VirginiaS3BYes
KentuckyS4BYes
LouisianaSNAYes
New JerseyS3B,S4NYes
NebraskaSNRNYes
MarylandS4BYes
District of ColumbiaS3NYes
MaineS1BYes
VirginiaS3BYes
ConnecticutS5BYes
New YorkS5BYes
MinnesotaSNRBYes
MassachusettsS3BYes
IllinoisS4Yes
OhioS5Yes
GeorgiaS4Yes
CanadaN4B
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS2BYes
OntarioS4BYes
Roadless Areas (5)
Arkansas (2)
AreaForestAcres
Clifty CanyonOzark-St. Francis National Forest1,963
Pedestal RocksOzark-St. Francis National Forest21,957
North Carolina (1)
AreaForestAcres
South Mills RiverPisgah National Forest8,588
West Virginia (2)
AreaForestAcres
Little MountainMonongahela National Forest8,172
Mcgowan MountainMonongahela National Forest10,504
References (42)
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