Carex scoparia

Schkuhr ex Willd.

Broom Sedge

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.155252
Element CodePMCYP03C90
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderCyperales
FamilyCyperaceae
GenusCarex
Other Common Names
broom sedge (EN) Carex à balais (FR) Pointed Broom Sedge (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
This record is for the broad treatment of Carex scoparia, including C. scoparia var. tessellata (known only from Maine and New Brunswick), as recognized in Mastroguiseppe et al.'s treatment in FNA (2002, vol. 23) and in Kartesz (1994, 1999). Weakley et al. (2024) follow the elevation of var. tessellata to C. waponahkikensis and thus a slightly narrower treatment of C. scoparia.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-08-14
Change Date1984-02-29
Edition Date2025-08-14
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Carex scoparia is a wide-ranging perennial graminoid found in a variety of open habitats, including meadows, bogs, swamp forests, marshes, seepy ledges, and ditches, with two varieties. It occurs in North America from British Columbia east to Newfoundland Island, Canada, south to Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas west to California in the United States; it is introduced in Europe and New Zealand. There are over 1400 estimated occurrences, which face threats from development, grazing and conversion to pasture, rights-of-way maintenance, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Carex scoparia occurs in North America from British Columbia east to Newfoundland Island (except Saskatchwan), Canada, south to Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Arkansas west to California in the United States (FNA 2002, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025). It is introduced in Europe and New Zealand (FNA 2002). Native range extent was estimated to be over 10 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025). See individual entries for distribution details about the two varieties.
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are over 1400 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, this species is threatened by development, grazing and conversion to pasture, rights-of-way maintenance, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species (NatureServe 2025). However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, and affinity for typically abundant habitats, as well as no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Description

Pointed Broom Sedge forms dense clumps without rhizomes and has stems 4-10 dm high. The lowermost leaves are reduced to scales. The leaf blades, which are 1-3 mm wide, are flat and clustered just above the scales on the lower stem. Flowers are clustered in 3-8 egg-shaped, stalkless spikes, which are 8-14 mm long and in close proximity to each other at the top of the stem. Male flowers (recognized by the old stamens) occur at the base of each spike. The pale green to light brown egg-shaped perigynia are 4-6 mm long and taper gradually to a poorly-defined beak. The firm scales are light brown with a green center and are smaller than the perigynia that they subtend. There are 2 styles and the achenes are lens-shaped.

Diagnostic Characteristics

There are many sedges similar to C. SCOPARIA. a technical manual and hand lens or microscope will be needed for positive identification. The common C. BEBBII has perigynia that are less than 4 mm long.

Habitat

Carex scoparia grows in dry to wet, open habitats, including meadows, bogs, swamp forests, marshes, seepy ledges, and ditches, usually on acidic, often sandy soils (FNA 2002, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Grassland/herbaceous
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLANDFORESTED WETLANDBog/fen
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS5Yes
British ColumbiaS4Yes
OntarioS5Yes
New BrunswickS5Yes
ManitobaSNRYes
Prince Edward IslandS4Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS3Yes
AlbertaS2Yes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
WisconsinSNRYes
North CarolinaS4Yes
South DakotaSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
New HampshireSNRYes
ConnecticutSNRYes
VirginiaS5Yes
IllinoisS3Yes
MichiganSNRYes
MaineSNRYes
MontanaS1Yes
DelawareSNRYes
OregonSNRYes
ArkansasS1Yes
New JerseySNRYes
IdahoSNRYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
TennesseeSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
New MexicoSNRYes
North DakotaSHYes
NebraskaSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
GeorgiaS3Yes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
VermontS5Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
IowaS5Yes
UtahS1Yes
ColoradoS3Yes
KentuckyS4Yes
IndianaS4Yes
WyomingS1Yes
MarylandSNRYes
South CarolinaSNRYes
ArizonaSNRYes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
KansasSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
MississippiS2Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
Threat Assessments

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
Tennessee (1)
AreaForestAcres
Flint Mill GapCherokee National Forest9,494
References (10)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2002b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 23. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 608 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  6. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  8. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  9. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.
  10. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).