Home/Species/ Swamp Lousewort

Pedicularis lanceolata

Michx.

Swamp Lousewort

G4Apparently Secure Found in 7 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →

G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank

Least concernIUCN

Very high - highThreat Impact

Identity

Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132098

Element CodePDSCR1K0M0

Record TypeSPECIES

ClassificationSpecies

Classification StatusStandard

Name CategoryVascular Plant

IUCNLeast concern

Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations

KingdomPlantae

PhylumAnthophyta

ClassDicotyledoneae

OrderScrophulariales

FamilyOrobanchaceae

GenusPedicularis

Other Common Names

Pédiculaire lancéolée (FR) swamp lousewort (EN)

Concept Reference

Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.

Conservation Status

Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2

Review Date2024-05-20

Change Date2024-05-20

Edition Date2024-05-20

Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2024)

Threat ImpactVery high - high

Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)

Number of Occurrences> 300

Rank Reasons

Pedicularis lanceolata is a wide-ranging perennial herb in a variety of wetland habitats in eastern and central North America from Ontario and Manitoba in Canada south to Georgia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Nebraska. Threats include habitat loss and degradation, especially drainage of wetlands, succession to woody vegetation, rights-of-way maintenance activities, and invasive species. With a large range extent and large number of occurrences, this species is considered secure.

Range Extent Comments

Pedicularis lanceolata occurs in eastern and central North America from Ontario and Manitoba in Canada south to northeastern Georgia, Tennessee, northern Arkansas, and Nebraska (FNA 2019, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2024). Range extent was estimated to be over 2.6 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).

Occurrences Comments

By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are over 850 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).

Threat Impact Comments

This species is primarily threatened by habitat loss and degradation, especially from drainage of wetlands (Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project 2002) for development or pasturage and succession to woody vegetation due to fire suppression or lack of management (NatureServe 2024). Additional threats include rights-of-way maintenance activities, grazing, timber, hydrological alteration, invasive species (including Rosa multiflora, Elaeagnus spp., Lonicera spp., Lythrum salicaria, Microstegium vimineum, Phalaris arundinacea), deer browsing, and recreational activities, such as trails and off road vehicles.

Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Pedicularis lanceolata grows in "wet meadows, fens, springs, moist prairies, swamps," and marshes, over calcareous, mafic, or ultramafic rocks (FNA 2019, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2024).

Palustrine Habitats

HERBACEOUS WETLANDFORESTED WETLANDBog/fen

Other Nations (2)

United StatesN4

Province	Rank	Native
Connecticut	S2	Yes
Missouri	SNR	Yes
Minnesota	SNR	Yes
North Dakota	SNR	Yes
Illinois	SNR	Yes
Michigan	SNR	Yes
Maryland	S1	Yes
Iowa	S4	Yes
Massachusetts	S1	Yes
Nebraska	S3	Yes
Wisconsin	SNR	Yes
Arkansas	S1	Yes
Virginia	S3	Yes
Ohio	SNR	Yes
Tennessee	S1	Yes
South Dakota	SNR	Yes
Delaware	SH	Yes
Kentucky	SX	Yes
West Virginia	S2	Yes
New Jersey	S3	Yes
North Carolina	S1	Yes
Georgia	S1	Yes
Pennsylvania	S2	Yes
Indiana	SNR	Yes
New York	S2	Yes

CanadaN4

Province	Rank	Native
Saskatchewan	S1	Yes
Manitoba	S3	Yes
Ontario	S4	Yes

Threat Assessments

Threat	Scope	Severity	Timing
1 - Residential & commercial development	Large - restricted	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
2 - Agriculture & aquaculture	Small (1-10%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
2.3 - Livestock farming & ranching	Small (1-10%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
2.3.4 - Scale unknown/unrecorded	Small (1-10%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
4 - Transportation & service corridors	Small (1-10%)	Serious - moderate	High (continuing)
4.1 - Roads & railroads	Small (1-10%)	Serious - moderate	High (continuing)
4.2 - Utility & service lines	Small (1-10%)	Serious - moderate	High (continuing)
5 - Biological resource use	Small (1-10%)	Serious or 31-70% pop. decline	Moderate (short-term)
5.3 - Logging & wood harvesting	Small (1-10%)	Serious or 31-70% pop. decline	Moderate (short-term)
5.3.5 - Motivation unknown/unrecorded	Small (1-10%)	Serious or 31-70% pop. decline	Moderate (short-term)
6 - Human intrusions & disturbance	Small (1-10%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
6.1 - Recreational activities	Small (1-10%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
7 - Natural system modifications	Large (31-70%)	Serious - moderate	—
7.1 - Fire & fire suppression	Large (31-70%)	Serious - moderate	—
7.1.2 - Suppression in fire frequency/intensity	Large (31-70%)	Serious - moderate	—
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases	Large (31-70%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases	Large (31-70%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
8.1.1 - Unspecified species	Large (31-70%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
8.2 - Problematic native species/diseases	Restricted (11-30%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)
8.2.2 - Named species	Restricted (11-30%)	Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline	High (continuing)

Plant Characteristics

DurationPERENNIAL

Economic Value (Genus)No

Roadless Areas (7)

North Carolina (4)

Area	Forest	Acres
Bald Mountain	Pisgah National Forest	11,085
Chunky Gal (addition)	Nantahala National Forest	3,336
Jarrett Creek	Pisgah National Forest	7,485
Tusquitee Bald	Nantahala National Forest	13,670

Tennessee (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Bald Mountain	Cherokee National Forest	11,743

Virginia (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Little Alleghany	George Washington National Forest	10,215

West Virginia (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Middle Mountain	Monongahela National Forest	19,020

References (8)

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2019. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 17: Magnoliophyta: Tetrachondraceae to Orobanchaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 737 pp.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project. 2002. A partnership between the U.S. Forest Service-Region 8, Natural Heritage Programs in the Southeast, NatureServe, and independent scientists to develop and review data on 1300+ regionally and locally rare species in the Southern Appalachian and Alabama region. Database (Access 97) provided to the U.S. Forest Service by NatureServe, Durham, North Carolina.
Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.

Pedicularis lanceolata

Habitat

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