Crassula aquatica

(L.) Schoenl.

Water Pygmyweed

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.952411
Element CodePDCRA020C0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRosales
FamilyCrassulaceae
GenusCrassula
Synonyms
Tillaea aquaticaL.
Other Common Names
Tillée aquatique (FR)
Concept Reference
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2009. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 8. Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 585 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
This record is for the broad treatment of Crassula aquatica, including C. saginoides as indistinct, as recognized by Moran in FNA (2009, vol. 8), Boyd (2012) and Weakley et al. (2025). Crassula aquatica has been recognized more narrowly, excluding C. saginoides as a distinct species by some treatments (e.g., Kartesz (1994, 1999)).
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-09-19
Change Date2015-09-29
Edition Date2024-09-19
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Crassula aquatica is an annual aquatic forb found in coastal marshes, brackish mudflats, vernal pools, and along the margins of streams and ponds. It is a widespread species, occurring in North America, Mexico, and northern Eurasia, and as an introduced species in South America. There are an estimated 1,400 occurrences of this species, which are likely threatened by development, water diversion, alteration of hydrology, erosion, recreational activities, invasive species, flooding, and other threats in some places. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent, a high number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, Crassula aquatica is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Crassula aquatica is a widespread aquatic plant, occurring in North America, Mexico, and northern Eurasia, and as an introduced species in South America (FNA 2009, POWO 2024). In North America, it occurs from Alaska and the Northwest Territories south to California, east to Georgia, and from Minnesota and Ontario east to Maine and Newfoundland and Labrador in the United States and Canada (FNA 2009). Range extent was estimated to be over 150 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are more than 1,400 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Crassula aquatica is likely threatened by development, water diversion, alteration of hydrology, erosion, recreational activities, invasive species, flooding, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

In North America, Crassula aquatica occurs in "coastal marshes and brackish mudflats, vernal pools, [and the] muddy margins of ponds and streams" (FNA 2009).
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
New MexicoSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
New HampshireSNRYes
ColoradoS1Yes
OregonSNRYes
CaliforniaSNRYes
LouisianaSNRYes
MaineS2Yes
VermontS1Yes
AlaskaS1Yes
DelawareSNRYes
ArkansasS2Yes
MarylandSNRYes
PennsylvaniaSNRYes
GeorgiaSNRYes
ArizonaS1Yes
MontanaSNRYes
WyomingS1Yes
IdahoSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
UtahSNRYes
MinnesotaS2Yes
New YorkS1Yes
OklahomaS1Yes
NevadaSNRYes
ConnecticutS1Yes
TexasSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
Nova ScotiaS3Yes
Yukon TerritoryS1Yes
SaskatchewanS1Yes
Prince Edward IslandS1Yes
QuebecSNRYes
Island of NewfoundlandS1Yes
OntarioS2Yes
British ColumbiaS4Yes
Northwest TerritoriesS2Yes
New BrunswickS3Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationANNUAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
Montana (1)
AreaForestAcres
Scotchman Peaks (MT)Kootenai National Forest53,909
References (10)
  1. Boyd, S. 2012. Crassula, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=10872, accessed 2025.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2009. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 8. Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 585 pp.
  3. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  4. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  7. NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  8. Plants of the World Online (POWO). 2024. Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Online. Available: https://powo.science.kew.org/ (accessed 2024).
  9. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  10. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).