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Viola pedatifida

G. Don

Prairie Violet

G5Secure Found in 2 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.141046
Element CodePDVIO041J0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderViolales
FamilyViolaceae
GenusViola
Synonyms
Viola pedatifida var. pedatifida
Other Common Names
Crowfoot Violet (EN) prairie violet (EN) Violette pédatifide (FR)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
This record for Viola pedatifida excludes V. brittoniana as distinct. Kartesz (1994 and 1999) and FNA (vol. 6, 2015) accept Viola pedatifida and V. brittoniana as distinct species. In preparation for FNA's treatment, Little and McKinney (2010) had included V. brittoniana (= V. pedatifida var. brittoniana) as a variety of V. pedatifida, therefore according to Little and McKinney, Kartesz's V. pedatifida is equivalent to their V. pedatifida var. pedatifida.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-05-04
Change Date1986-04-08
Range Extent Comments
Occurs from southern Ontario to Alberta, south through the midwestern United States, and further south through the western states to Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Arkansas (USDA NRCS 2017).
Ecology & Habitat

Description

Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–30 cm tall; rhizome thick, fleshy. Leaves basal, 2–11, ascending to erect, 5–9-lobed; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 3–16 cm, pubescent; blade similar in width and shape, lobes lanceolate, spatulate, falcate, or linear, 1–7 × 2–8 cm, base truncate to reniform, margins entire, ciliate, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces pubescent, hairs sometimes concentrated on veins. Peduncles erect, 5–18 cm, glabrous or pubescent. Flowers: sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals light to soft reddish violet on both surfaces, lower 3 white basally, dark violet-veined, lateral 2 and lowest usually bearded, lowest 10–25 mm, spur same color as petals, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless. Capsules ellipsoid, 10–15 mm, glabrous. Seeds beige, mottled to bronze, 1.5–2.5 mm (Flora of North America 2015).
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
SaskatchewanS3Yes
ManitobaS4Yes
AlbertaS3Yes
OntarioS1Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
IowaS4Yes
New MexicoS3Yes
KansasSNRYes
MichiganS1Yes
ArizonaSNRYes
ColoradoS2Yes
OklahomaSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
WyomingS1Yes
ArkansasS2Yes
North CarolinaSNRYes
MontanaS1Yes
NebraskaSNRYes
IndianaS2Yes
OhioS1Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
North DakotaSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
South DakotaSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (2)
North Dakota (2)
AreaForestAcres
SheyenneDakota Prairie Grasslands14,537
WannaganDakota Prairie Grasslands6,026
References (4)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2015. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 6. Magnoliophyta: Cucurbitaceae to Droserceae. Oxford University Press, New York. 496 pp + xxiv.
  2. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  3. Little, R.J. and L.E. McKinney. 2010. Four nomenclatural changes in <i>Viola</i> (Violaceae). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 4(1):225-226.
  4. USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, PLANTS Database [USDA PLANTS]. http://plants.usda.gov/. Accessed 2017.