Physalis pubescens

L.

Downy Ground-cherry

G5Secure Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1333142
Element CodePDSOL0S590
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderSolanales
FamilySolanaceae
GenusPhysalis
Concept Reference
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2023. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 14. Magnoliophyta: Gentianaceae to Hydroleaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 505 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
This record is for the broad treatment of Physalis pubescens which includes P. turbinata Medikus, P. latiphysa Waterfall, and P. pubescens var. glabra (Michaux) Waterfall as indistinct as recognized by Sullivan in FNA (2023, vol. 14) and Weakley et al. (2024). The treatment in Kartesz (1994, 1999) recognizes P. turbinata and P. latiphysa as species and include P. pubescens var. glabra in the synonymy of P. cordata. In addition, the FNA treatment does not recognize P. pubescens var. integrifolia as distinct from typical P. pubescens, while that variety was recognized in Kartesz (1994, 1999).
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-10-09
Change Date2025-10-09
Edition Date2025-10-09
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Physalis pubescens is a wide-ranging annual herb found in low woods, edges of swamps, stream banks, floodplains, hammocks, and disturbed habitats. It is widespread in temperate North America from New Jersey west to Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Kansas, and Utah, south to Florida and west to California in the United States, the tropical Americas in the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, South America. It is introduced in Australia. There are over 1200 estimated occurrences. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Physalis pubescens is widespread in temperate North America from New Jersey west to Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Kansas, and Utah, south to Florida and west to California in the United States, the tropical Americas in the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, South America (FNA 2023, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025). It is introduced in Australia (FNA 2023). Range extent was estimated to be over 35 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are over 1200 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, this species is potentially threatened by development, logging, hydrological alteration, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Physalis pubescens grows in "low woods, edges of swamps, stream banks, floodplains, hammocks, [and] disturbed habitats" at 0 to 900 m elevation (FNA 2023).

Reproduction

This species flowers nearly year-round in areas without frost, though mostly May through October (FNA 2023).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest EdgeOld fieldCropland/hedgerow
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLANDFORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaNNA
ProvinceRankNative
ManitobaSNANo
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
South CarolinaSNRYes
TexasSNRYes
New MexicoSNRYes
MichiganSNANo
FloridaSNRYes
MississippiSNRYes
MarylandSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
PennsylvaniaSNAYes
KentuckyS4Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
LouisianaSNRYes
North CarolinaS3Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
GeorgiaSNRYes
VirginiaS4Yes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
ArizonaS1Yes
IowaSXYes
West VirginiaSNRYes
DelawareS4Yes
KansasS3Yes
MassachusettsSNRYes
ArkansasSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
UtahSNRYes
IndianaSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationANNUAL
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (4)
Arizona (4)
AreaForestAcres
Happy ValleyCoronado National Forest7,972
Lower RinconCoronado National Forest3,278
Middle Dragoon RoadlessCoronado National Forest10,543
Upper Rincon RoadlessCoronado National Forest2,991
References (9)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2023. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 14. Magnoliophyta: Gentianaceae to Hydroleaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 505 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  6. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  7. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  8. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.
  9. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).