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Home/Species/ Brassy Minnow

Hybognathus hankinsoni

Hubbs, 1929

Brassy Minnow

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103021
Element CodeAFCJB16020
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyLeuciscidae
GenusHybognathus
COSEWICPS:SC
Other Common Names
Méné laiton (FR)
Concept Reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
See Schmidt (1994) for a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Hybognathus based on morphological data.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2015-08-17
Change Date1996-09-13
Edition Date2012-02-14
Edition AuthorsCannings, S. G., and G. Hammerson
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Widespread in central North America; often abundant where it is found; tolerant of a variety of aquatic habitats.
Range Extent Comments
Range extends from the St. Lawrence River and Lake Champlain drainages, Quebec and Vermont, across the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and Missouri-upper Mississippi river basins of southern Canada and northern U.S. south to Colorado and Missouri (Scheurer et al. 2003); MacKenzie River system (Arctic Basin), Alberta; Fraser River system (Pacific Slope), British Columbia (Page and Burr 2011).
Occurrences Comments
This species is represented by a large number of occurrences (subpopulations).
Threat Impact Comments
No major threats are known.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Habitat includes small, clear, sluggish weedy creeks or small rivers with sand, gravel, or mud bottom overlain with organic sediment; this species also is common in cool, stained or acid waters of boggy streams, ponds, and lakes, and it is common in overflow ponds near rivers. Spawning occurs among vegetation in shallows and in flooded marshes. Eggs are scattered on vegetation and on the bottom (Becker 1983).

Ecology

A schooling species (Becker 1983).

Reproduction

Spawns in spring. Eggs hatch in a week to 10 days. Sexually mature at age 1-2 (Becker 1983).
Palustrine Habitats
TEMPORARY POOLHERBACEOUS WETLANDFORESTED WETLAND
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
IowaS5Yes
PennsylvaniaSNANo
NebraskaS4Yes
MissouriS3Yes
UtahSNANo
New YorkS2Yes
WyomingS5Yes
IllinoisS1Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
MontanaS5Yes
KansasS1Yes
South DakotaS5Yes
VermontS2Yes
ColoradoS3Yes
WisconsinS5Yes
MichiganS2Yes
North DakotaSNRYes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
ManitobaS5Yes
QuebecS2Yes
AlbertaSUYes
OntarioS5Yes
SaskatchewanS3Yes
British ColumbiaS3Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
No known threats———

—

Roadless Areas (1)
North Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
SheyenneDakota Prairie Grasslands14,537
References (28)
  1. Bailey, R. M. 1954. Distribution of the American cyprinid fish, <i>Hybognathus hankinsoni</i>, with comments on its original desription. Copeia (4):289-291.
  2. Baxter, G. T., and J. R. Simon. 1970. Wyoming fishes. Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Cheyenne, Wyoming, 168 pp.
  3. Becker, G. C. 1983. Fishes of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 1,052 pp.
  4. Copes, F. 1975. Ecology of the brassy minnow, <i>Hybognathus hankinsoni</i> (Hubbs). Univ. Wis., Stevens Point, Mus. Nat. Hist.Fauna and Flora Wis. Part III Rep. No. 10:46-72f.
  5. Cross, F. B., and J. T. Collins. 1995. Fishes in Kansas. Second Edition, revised. University of Kansas Museum of Natural History. xvii + 315 pp.
  6. Eberle, Mark (Fort Hays State University, KS). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. April 2000.
  7. Fago, D. 2000. Relative abundance and distribution of fishes in Wisconsin. Fish Distribution Database to year 2000. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
  8. Harlan, J. R., E. B. Speaker, and J. Mayhew. 1987. Iowa fish and fishing. Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa. 323 pp.
  9. Holton, G. D., and H. E. Johnson. 1996. A field guide to Montana fishes. 2nd edition. Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Montana State Parks and wildlife Interpretive Association, Helena, Montana. 104 pp.
  10. Hrabik, Robert A. (Missouri Department of Conservation). 1997. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Ruth Mathews, TNC. May 1997.
  11. Lang, Nicholas (Illinois Natural History Survey). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  12. Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina. i-x + 854 pp.
  13. Master, L. L. and A. L. Stock. 1998. Synoptic national assessment of comparative risks to biological diversity and landscape types: species distributions. Summary Report submitted to Environmental Protection Agency. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA. 36 pp.
  14. Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
  15. Nesler, Tom (Colorado Division of Wildlife). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, TNC. May 2000.
  16. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
  17. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
  18. Page, L. M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, R. L. Mayden, and J. S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
  19. Page, L. M., K. E. Bemis, T. E. Dowling, H.S. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, K. E. Hartel, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, M. A. Neigbors, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, and H. J. Walker, Jr. 2023. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
  20. Patton, Tim M. (Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Oklahoma University). 2001. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps of Wyoming. Review requested by Pilar Hernandez, ABI. April 2000.
  21. Pflieger, W. L. 1975. The fishes of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation. Columbia, Missouri. viii + 343 pp.
  22. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
  23. Scheurer, J. A., K. R. Bestgen, and K. D. Fausch. 2003. Resolving taxonomy and historic distribution for conservation of rare Great Plains fishes: <i>Hybognathus </i>(Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in eastern Colorado basins. Copeia 2003:1-12.
  24. Schmidt, T. R. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus <i>Hybognathus</i> (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Copeia 1994:622-630.
  25. Scott, W. B., and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin 184. 966 pp.
  26. Smith, C. L. 1983. Fishes of New York (maps and printout of a draft section on scarce fishes of New York). Unpublished draft.
  27. Smith, C. L. 1985. The inland fishes of New York State. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Albany, New York, xi + 522 pp.
  28. Smith, P. W. 1979. The fishes of Illinois. University of Illinois Press, Urbana. 314 pp.