Astragalus oophorus

S. Wats.

Spindle Milkvetch

G4Apparently Secure Found in 45 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132971
Element CodePDFAB0F6C0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderFabales
FamilyFabaceae
GenusAstragalus
Other Common Names
egg milkvetch (EN) Egg Milkvetch (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2026-03-11
Change Date1988-08-31
Edition Date2026-03-11
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2026)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 - 300
Rank Reasons
Astragalus oophorus is a wide-ranging perennial herb found in a variety of xeric, open habitats, including sagebrush and bitterbrush communities, mixed desert shrub communities, ponderosa pine forests, pinyon pine, pinyon-juniper, oak, and mountain brush communities . It is endemic to the southwestern United States from eastern California, east to western Colorado, and south to New Mexico and Arizona. There are over 200 occurrences, which face threats from commercial development, grazing, lithium extraction, wind farm development, road construction and maintenance, military activities, recreational activities (including off-road vehicles, hiking, skiing, mountain biking, and camping) and development, fire suppression, exotic plant species, and trampling by feral horses and burros. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, this species is considered apparently secure.
Range Extent Comments
Astragalus oophorus is endemic to the southwestern United States from eastern California, east to western Colorado, and south to New Mexico and Arizona (FNA 2023). Range extent was estimated to be over 500,000 square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025 (RARECAT 2025, GBIF 2026, iNaturalist 2026, NatureServe 2026, SEINet 2026).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are over 200 occurrences rangewide (RARECAT 2025, GBIF 2026, iNaturalist 2026, NatureServe 2026, SEINet 2026).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats at the species-level are not widely documented, varieties of this species face threats from commercial development, grazing and associated habitat loss and soil disturbance, lithium extraction, wind farm development, road construction and maintenance, military activities, recreational activities (including off-road vehicles, hiking, skiing, mountain biking, and camping) and development, fire suppression, exotic plant species (including cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and red brome (Bromus rubens)), and trampling by feral horses and burros (Smith 2001, Clifford et al. 2025, NatureServe 2026). Potential threats include fruit and seed predation by insects or rodents as well as climactic shifts, such as extreme heat, cold, or drought, and historical threats of nuclear testing, which could resume and cause future impacts (Smith 2001). However, there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species rangewide (NatureServe 2026).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Astragalus oophorus grows in xeric, open habitats, including sagebrush and bitterbrush communities, mixed desert shrub communities, ponderosa pine forests, pinyon pine, pinyon-juniper, oak, and mountain brush communities (FNA 2023).

Reproduction

This taxon flowers from May to July (FNA 2023).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest - HardwoodForest - ConiferWoodland - HardwoodWoodland - ConiferShrubland/chaparral
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN4
ProvinceRankNative
New MexicoSNRYes
NevadaS4Yes
UtahS3Yes
ArizonaSNRYes
CaliforniaSNRYes
ColoradoS3Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
1.2 - Commercial & industrial areasUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
2.3 - Livestock farming & ranchingUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
3 - Energy production & miningLarge (31-70%)Serious - moderateUnknown
3.2 - Mining & quarryingRestricted (11-30%)Serious - moderateUnknown
3.3 - Renewable energyRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. declineUnknown
4 - Transportation & service corridorsUnknownModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
4.1 - Roads & railroadsUnknownModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceUnknownModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
6.1 - Recreational activitiesUnknownModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
6.2 - War, civil unrest & military exercisesUnknownModerate or 11-30% pop. declineHigh (continuing)
7 - Natural system modificationsLarge (31-70%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
7.1 - Fire & fire suppressionLarge (31-70%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
7.1.2 - Suppression in fire frequency/intensityLarge (31-70%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseasesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
8.1.1 - Unspecified speciesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
8.1.2 - Named speciesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
8.2 - Problematic native species/diseasesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
8.2.1 - Unspecified speciesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)
11 - Climate change & severe weatherPervasive (71-100%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
11.2 - DroughtsPervasive (71-100%)UnknownHigh (continuing)
11.3 - Temperature extremesUnknownUnknownHigh (continuing)

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (45)
Arizona (1)
AreaForestAcres
Red PointKaibab National Forest7,139
California (13)
AreaForestAcres
Benton RangeInyo National Forest9,637
Birch CreekInyo National Forest28,816
Black CanyonInyo National Forest32,421
Boundary Peak (CA)Inyo National Forest210,884
Devil's Gate (CA)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest9,946
Glass MountainInyo National Forest52,867
Iceberg - Mill CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest26,988
Mt. JacksonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest20,721
PaiuteInyo National Forest58,712
Robinson PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,835
Soldier CanyonInyo National Forest40,589
WattersonInyo National Forest6,922
Wild Horse Mtn. (CA)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest28,822
Nevada (29)
AreaForestAcres
Antelope - West 1Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest8,642
Arc Dome - OphirHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,652
Arc Dome - Secret BsnHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest74,782
Aurora CraterHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,689
Bank SpringsHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest18,126
Black SpringHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,016
Boundary Peak (NV)Inyo National Forest21,851
Chineese Camp (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest15,207
Fourmile HillHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest15,718
Georges CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest108,551
Iron SpringHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest36,737
Larken LakeHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,159
Lobdell SummitHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest7,791
Mt. EtnaHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest20,527
Pine Grove SouthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest88,945
Pine Grove SummitHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest6,070
QuinnHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest62,459
Rough CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest8,476
Sam's CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,869
Seyler PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,938
Spanish PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest31,520
SugarloafInyo National Forest11,534
Sweetwater (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,946
Table Mtn. - EastHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest87,789
Toiyabe RangeHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest99,225
Toquima CaveHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest43,147
Wellington HillsHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest21,009
West Walker (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,683
WileyHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest6,864
Utah (2)
AreaForestAcres
North HillsDixie National Forest24,480
PavantFishlake National Forest42,560
References (9)
  1. Clifford, M.J., Parker, S.S., Saito, L., Cohen, B.S., Fraga, N.S., Heintz, K., and D. Saftner. 2025. Potential impacts to biodiversity of rare and vulnerable species from proposed lithium extraction. Global Ecology and Conservation 64: e03974.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2023. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 11. Magnoliophyta: Fabaceae, parts 1+2. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxvii + 1108 pp.
  3. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2026. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2026).
  4. iNaturalist. 2026. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2026).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. NatureServe. 2026. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  8. Smith, F.J. 2001. Current knowledge and conservation status of <i>Astragalus oophorus</i> S. Watson var. <i>clokeyanus </i>Barneby (Fabaceae), the Clokey eggvetch. Carson City: Nevada Natural Heritage Program, status report prepared for the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Reno, Nevada.
  9. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2026. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2026).