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Home/Species/ Beaked Hazelnut

Corylus cornuta

Marsh.

Beaked Hazelnut

G5Secure Found in 107 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.137388
Element CodePDBET04030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderFagales
FamilyBetulaceae
GenusCorylus
Other Common Names
beaked hazelnut (EN) Noisetier à long bec (FR)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-08-16
Change Date1984-02-29
Edition Date2024-08-16
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Corylus cornuta occurs in on damp rocky slopes, moist to dry roadsides, stream banks, coastal mountain ranges, as an understory plant in open woodlands, edges of woods, fencerows, waste places, and thickets of North America from British Columbia east to Newfoundland, Canada and from Maine south to Georgia and Alabama, north to Michigan, and west to Oregon and California. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent, over 1,000 occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, this taxon is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Corylus cornuta occurs in eastern North America from British Columbia east to Newfoundland, Canada and from Maine south to Georgia and Alabama, north to Michigan, and west to Oregon and California (FNA 1997). It also occurs in St. Pierre and Miquelon. Range extent was estimated to be over 8 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 2007 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024). See individual entries for distribution details about the two lower taxa.
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium records and photo-based observations documented between 2007 and 2024, there are estimated to be over 1,000 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024). However, this taxon is commonly cultivated, and iNatualist observations (>20,000) were not evaluated for evidence of cultivation (iNaturalist 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Threats to Corylus cornuta are not well documented but potentially include wildfire, succession, development, rights-of-way maintenance, invasive species, predation, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Corylus cornuta occurs on damp rocky slopes, moist to dry roadsides, stream banks, coastal mountain ranges, as an understory plant in open woodlands, edges of woods, fencerows, waste places, and thickets (FNA 1997).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest EdgeShrubland/chaparral
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
WyomingS2Yes
ColoradoS3Yes
New YorkS5Yes
South DakotaSNRYes
West VirginiaS4Yes
North DakotaSNRYes
GeorgiaS4Yes
PennsylvaniaS4Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
MississippiSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
VermontS5Yes
VirginiaS5Yes
New HampshireSNRYes
IdahoSNRYes
DelawareS1Yes
KansasSNRYes
OregonSNRYes
North CarolinaS4Yes
MassachusettsSNRYes
IowaS3Yes
New JerseySNRYes
CaliforniaSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
ConnecticutSNRYes
MarylandS3Yes
OhioSHYes
South CarolinaSNRYes
MaineSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS5Yes
OntarioS5Yes
QuebecSNRYes
Island of NewfoundlandS4Yes
ManitobaS5Yes
Prince Edward IslandS5Yes
New BrunswickS5Yes
AlbertaS5Yes
SaskatchewanS5Yes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined———

—

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (107)
California (47)
AreaForestAcres
BackboneShasta-Trinity National Forest11,466
Bell QuinbyShasta-Trinity National Forest11,556
Black Mtn.Sequoia National Forest15,102
Blue Creek Rare ISix Rivers National Forest12,134
Bonanza KingShasta-Trinity National Forest16,402
Box CampKlamath National Forest858
Bucks LakePlumas National Forest680
ChanchelullaShasta-Trinity National Forest3,915
ChinquapinShasta-Trinity National Forest22,040
Chips CreekPlumas National Forest12,940
Devil GulchSierra National Forest30,490
Devils RockShasta-Trinity National Forest16,209
Dinkey LakesSierra National Forest34,171
EagleShasta-Trinity National Forest6,553
East GirardShasta-Trinity National Forest27,894
Fisher Gulch BShasta-Trinity National Forest4,791
GriderKlamath National Forest10,647
IshiLassen National Forest21,805
KangarooKlamath National Forest40,617
KelseyKlamath National Forest3,237
Kings RiverSierra National Forest52,999
Lake EleanorShasta-Trinity National Forest397
Little French CShasta-Trinity National Forest11,529
Middle ForkPlumas National Forest29,278
Middle YubaTahoe National Forest7,379
Monkey CreekSix Rivers National Forest9,017
MosesSequoia National Forest22,077
Mt. RaymondSierra National Forest6,965
North Fork SmithSix Rivers National Forest37,898
Orleans Mtn.Klamath National Forest49,090
Orleans Mtn. BSix Rivers National Forest17,183
Orleans Mtn. CSix Rivers National Forest15,589
PattisonShasta-Trinity National Forest29,299
PortugueseKlamath National Forest18,915
RinconSequoia National Forest54,610
RussianKlamath National Forest21,771
Salt GulchShasta-Trinity National Forest6,511
Ship MountainSix Rivers National Forest11,936
SiskiyouKlamath National Forest54,039
Siskiyou BSix Rivers National Forest18,871
Slate Mtn.Sequoia National Forest12,299
SnoozerKlamath National Forest23,414
South ForkShasta-Trinity National Forest16,786
UnderwoodShasta-Trinity National Forest3,046
UnderwoodSix Rivers National Forest6,591
Weaver BallyShasta-Trinity National Forest829
West GirardShasta-Trinity National Forest37,516
Michigan (2)
AreaForestAcres
DeliriumHiawatha National Forest190
FibreHiawatha National Forest7,432
Minnesota (7)
AreaForestAcres
Baker - Homer - Brule LakesSuperior National Forest6,712
Brule Lake - Eagle MountainSuperior National Forest12,380
Cabin CreekSuperior National Forest6,071
Hegman LakesSuperior National Forest675
Mississippi CreekSuperior National Forest5,717
Phantom LakeSuperior National Forest6,521
Wood LakeSuperior National Forest596
New Hampshire (8)
AreaForestAcres
Cherry MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,766
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
KilkennyWhite Mountain National Forest28,766
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
Sandwich RangeWhite Mountain National Forest16,797
Wild RiverWhite Mountain National Forest46,878
North Carolina (1)
AreaForestAcres
Laurel MountainPisgah National Forest5,683
Oregon (20)
AreaForestAcres
Badger CreekMt. Hood National Forest847
Bull Of The WoodsMt. Hood National Forest8,843
Cougar BluffUmpqua National Forest5,574
EagleMt. Hood National Forest16,841
Echo MountainWillamette National Forest8,098
ElkhornWillamette National Forest9,380
French Pete (a)Willamette National Forest1,668
Gordon MeadowsWillamette National Forest9,463
LarchMt. Hood National Forest12,961
Limpy RockUmpqua National Forest6,782
Menagerie (rooster Rock)Willamette National Forest374
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
Mt. HagenWillamette National Forest6,406
North KalmiopsisSiskiyou National Forests91,560
Roaring RiverMt. Hood National Forest27,316
Salmon - HuckleberryMt. Hood National Forest17,570
Shasta CostaSiskiyou National Forests14,420
South KalmiopsisSiskiyou National Forests104,477
Waldo - FujiWillamette National Forest15,273
Wind CreekMt. Hood National Forest5,438
Pennsylvania (1)
AreaForestAcres
Allegheny FrontAllegheny National Forest7,430
South Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Beaver ParkBlack Hills National Forest5,010
Vermont (3)
AreaForestAcres
Bread LoafGreen Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,768
Griffith Lake 09084Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,833
Wilder Mountain 09082Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests8,759
Virginia (2)
AreaForestAcres
Adams PeakGeorge Washington National Forest7,135
Southern MassanuttenGeorge Washington National Forest11,985
Washington (15)
AreaForestAcres
Abercrombie - HooknoseColville National Forest33,862
Big Lava BedGifford Pinchot National Forest19,043
Dark DivideGifford Pinchot National Forest52,483
Dry Canyon BreaksColville National Forest4,821
Glacier Peak KMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest47,269
Jefferson RidgeOlympic National Forest6,512
Jupiter RidgeOlympic National Forest10,148
Liberty BellOkanogan National Forest108,495
LightningOlympic National Forest7,179
Mt. Baker MaMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest24,847
Mt. Baker Noisy - DiobsudMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest56,039
TaneumWenatchee National Forest26,140
TeanawayWenatchee National Forest72,849
Thorp Mtn.Wenatchee National Forest22,717
Upper SkokomishOlympic National Forest9,311
References (6)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1997. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 3. Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiii + 590 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  3. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Little, E.L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agriculture Handbook No. 541. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C. 375 pp.
  6. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).