Prunus pensylvanica

L. f.

Fire Cherry

G5Secure Found in 35 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.136606
Element CodePDROS1C140
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRosales
FamilyRosaceae
GenusPrunus
Other Common Names
Cerisier de Pennsylvanie (FR) pin cherry (EN) Pin Cherry (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
FNA (vol. 9, 2014) does not recognize distinct varieties in Prunus pensylvanica.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-06-13
Change Date1984-04-16
Edition Date2025-06-13
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Prunus pensylvanica is a tree or shrub occurring in disturbed sites, clearings, roadsides, open forests, hillsides, cliffs, and along streams and lakeshores of North America, from British Columbia and the Northwest Territories east to Newfoundland, Canada, south to Georgia, Tennessee, and Illinois, and west to Colorado in the United States, and in Europe as an introduced species. There are over 1,800 occurrences of this species rangewide, which are potentially threatened by development, road maintenance, invasive species, and other threats in some places. Prunus pensylvanica is adapted to some degree of disturbance, and rapidly forms thickets following fire, logging, and mining. Little is known about threats and trends, but with a large range extent, high number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, Prunus pensylvanica is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Prunus pensylvanica occurs in North America, from British Columbia and the Northwest Territories east to Newfoundland, Canada, south to Georgia, Tennessee, and Illinois, and west to Colorado in the United States (FNA 2014). It also occurs in Europe (Finland, Great Britain, Sweden, and Russia) as an introduced taxon (POWO 2025). The native range extent was estimated to be over 11.3 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are more than 1,800 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Prunus pensylvanica is adapted to some degree of disturbance, rapidly colonizing sites following fire, logging, and mining (Native Plant Trust 2025). Threats are not widely documented but potentially include development, road maintenance, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, tolerance of light disturbance, and affinity for typically abundant habitats, as well as no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Prunus pensylvanica occurs as thickets "along streams and lakeshores, in clearings, roadsides, burned-over areas, disturbed sites, rocky hillsides, cliffs, [and] open forests" from 0-2800 m in elevation (FNA 2014).

Reproduction

Prunus pensylvanica produces flowers in early spring, often carpeting entire hillsides in white in New England (Native Plant Trust 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest EdgeCliff
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
LabradorS4Yes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
AlbertaS5Yes
SaskatchewanS5Yes
ManitobaS5Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS4Yes
Northwest TerritoriesS4Yes
OntarioS5Yes
QuebecS5Yes
Prince Edward IslandS5Yes
New BrunswickS5Yes
British ColumbiaS4Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
MinnesotaSNRYes
North CarolinaS4Yes
IndianaS3Yes
IllinoisSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
MontanaS4Yes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
VermontS5Yes
MaineSNRYes
MarylandSNRYes
IowaS4Yes
WyomingS2Yes
MassachusettsSNRYes
New HampshireSNRYes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
ColoradoS3Yes
West VirginiaS4Yes
ConnecticutSNRYes
North DakotaSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
VirginiaS5Yes
TennesseeSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
South DakotaSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
GeorgiaS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL, SPRING-FLOWERING
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (35)
Colorado (1)
AreaForestAcres
Long ParkRoutt NF42,100
Maine (1)
AreaForestAcres
Caribou - Speckled ExtWhite Mountain National Forest5,988
Minnesota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Cabin CreekSuperior National Forest6,071
Montana (1)
AreaForestAcres
Red Lodge Creek HellroaringCuster National Forest17,210
New Hampshire (11)
AreaForestAcres
Carr MountainWhite Mountain National Forest17,110
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
JobildunkWhite Mountain National Forest3,660
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
Mt. Wolf - Gordon PondWhite Mountain National Forest11,846
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Pemigewasset ExtWhite Mountain National Forest15,840
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
Sandwich RangeWhite Mountain National Forest16,797
WatervilleWhite Mountain National Forest4,312
Wild RiverWhite Mountain National Forest46,878
North Carolina (7)
AreaForestAcres
Balsam ConePisgah National Forest10,591
BearwallowPisgah National Forest4,113
Craggy MountainPisgah National Forest2,657
Graveyard Ridge (addition)Pisgah National Forest1,958
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Lost CovePisgah National Forest5,944
Sam Knob (addition)Pisgah National Forest2,576
Vermont (2)
AreaForestAcres
Bread LoafGreen Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,768
Woodford 09086Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests2,456
Virginia (4)
AreaForestAcres
Elliott KnobGeorge Washington National Forest9,380
Little RiverGeorge Washington National Forest27,292
Mountain Lake Addition AJefferson National Forest1,469
SkidmoreGeorge Washington National Forest5,641
West Virginia (4)
AreaForestAcres
Cheat MountainMonongahela National Forest8,191
Dolly Sods Roaring PlainMonongahela National Forest13,392
Dry River (WV)George Washington National Forest7,331
Mcgowan MountainMonongahela National Forest10,504
Wisconsin (1)
AreaForestAcres
09154 - St. Peters DomeChequamegon-Nicolet National Forest4,002
Wyoming (2)
AreaForestAcres
Beartooth Proposed WildernessShoshone National Forest16,837
South Beartooth HighwayShoshone National Forest105,570
References (9)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2014b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 9. Magnoliophyta: Picramniaceae to Rosaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 713 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Little, E.L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agriculture Handbook No. 541. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C. 375 pp.
  6. Native Plant Trust. 2025. Go Botany website. Online. Available: https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org (accessed 2025).
  7. Plants of the World Online (POWO). 2025. Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Online. Available: https://powo.science.kew.org/ (accessed 2025).
  8. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  9. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).