Roadless Areas
Home/Species/ Kidneyleaf White Violet

Viola renifolia

Gray

Kidneyleaf White Violet

G5Secure Found in 2 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.154297
Element CodePDVIO041V0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderViolales
FamilyViolaceae
GenusViola
Other Common Names
Kidney-leaved Violet (EN) Violette réniforme (FR) white violet (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-05-16
Change Date1984-10-03
Range Extent Comments
Newfoundland to British Columbiasouth to New York, Michigan, and Minnesota, and in the Rocky Mountains at disjunct locations as far south as Colorado.
Ecology & Habitat

Description

Kidney-leaf White Violet lacks stems and rhizomes. The leaves and flower stalks arise from a short rootstock. The leaves have petioles that are 3-15 cm long and blades that are orbicular and broadly heart-shaped at the base, coarsely toothed, and 2-6 cm wide. The foliage is sparsely to heavily pubescent. The flower stalks are shorter than the leaves. Flowers are white and 10-15 mm long. Petals are glabrous within, and the lower three are lined with purple.

Diagnostic Characteristics

VIOLA PALUSTRIS and V. MACLOSKEYI are white-flowered, stemless species that could occur in the same habitat, but both have stolons, while V. RENIFOLIA does not.
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNR
ProvinceRankNative
IowaS1Yes
ColoradoS3Yes
MaineSNRYes
MontanaS4Yes
VermontS4Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
South DakotaS4Yes
WashingtonS2Yes
MassachusettsS1Yes
New HampshireSNRYes
ConnecticutS1Yes
WyomingS1Yes
GeorgiaSNRYes
AlaskaSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
IdahoSNRYes
WisconsinSNRYes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS1Yes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
Island of NewfoundlandS3Yes
AlbertaS5Yes
Yukon TerritoryS4Yes
Prince Edward IslandS2Yes
British ColumbiaS5Yes
SaskatchewanS5Yes
Northwest TerritoriesSNRYes
OntarioS5Yes
ManitobaS4Yes
New BrunswickS4Yes
QuebecS5Yes
LabradorS3Yes
Nova ScotiaS4Yes
NunavutS3Yes
Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (2)
Minnesota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Baker - Homer - Brule LakesSuperior National Forest6,712
New Hampshire (1)
AreaForestAcres
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
References (4)
  1. Canne, J. M. 1987. Determinations of chromosome numbers in <i>Viola </i>(Violaceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 65(4):653-655.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2015. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 6. Magnoliophyta: Cucurbitaceae to Droserceae. Oxford University Press, New York. 496 pp + xxiv.
  3. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  4. Nekola, J. C. 1990. Rare Iowa plant notes from the R. V. Drexler Herbarium. Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science 97(1): 55-73.