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Luxilus chrysocephalus

Rafinesque, 1820

Striped Shiner

G5Secure Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
MediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.105429
Element CodeAFCJB51040
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyLeuciscidae
GenusLuxilus
Synonyms
Notropis chrysocephalus(Rafinesque, 1820)
Other Common Names
Méné rayé (FR)
Concept Reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
Biochemical analyses support recognition of Luxilus cornutus and L. chrysocephalus as distinct species (Dowling and Moore 1984), though the two species are not reproductively isolated in some localities in a contact zone in northern Illinois, northern Indiana, northern Ohio, southern Michigan, southern Ontario, western New York, and western Pennsylvania (Dowling et al. 1989); see also Gleason and Berra 1993). Dowling and Hoeh (1991) examined mtDNA introgression and found evidence of a more southward position of the contact zone in previous times. The two species differ ecologically and physiologically and there is selection against hybrids; the boundaries of the contact zone may be maintained by an environmentally based selection gradient in the face of considerable levels of gene flow (Dowling and Hoeh 1991).

See Dowling et al. (1992) for information on evolutionary relationships among Luxilus shiners based on mtDNA data. See Powers and Gold (1992) for information on phylogenetic relationships among Luxilus shiners based on an analysis of chromosomal NOR variation. Removed from genus Notropis and placed in genus (formerly subgenus) Luxilus by Mayden (1989) and Coburn and Cavender (1992); this change was adopted in the latest AFS checklist (Robins et al. 1991).
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2013-01-16
Change Date1996-09-18
Edition Date2007-06-22
Edition AuthorsHammerson, G.
Threat ImpactMedium
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Range Extent Comments
Range extends from the southern Great Lakes region to the Gulf Coast, between the Appalachians and the Great Plains: Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins, from western New York, southern Ontario, and southeastern Wisconsin, south to Alabama, Louisiana, and eastern Texas; Gulf Coast drainages from Mobile Bay, Georgia and Alabama, to Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana (Gilbert, in Lee et al. 1980; Page and Burr 1991).
Occurrences Comments
This species is represented by a large number of occurrences (e.g., see map in Lee et al. 1980).
Threat Impact Comments
No major threats are known. Local declines presumably have resulted from degradation of stream habitat quality.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

This species typically inhabits creeks and small to medium rivers having clear waters, a moderate to swift current, and alternating pools and riffles over a gravel or rubble bottom, often with some silt (Gilbert, in Lee et al. 1980). It spawns over gravel in riffles, in crater-like nest made by male, or in depressions made by other species in both still and running water (Smith 1979).

Reproduction

Spawns in spring.
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
OntarioS4Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
OklahomaS3Yes
GeorgiaS3Yes
VirginiaS3Yes
WisconsinSHYes
IndianaS5Yes
AlabamaS5Yes
New YorkS3Yes
TennesseeS5Yes
West VirginiaS5Yes
MarylandS1Yes
LouisianaS5Yes
KansasS1Yes
MichiganS3Yes
ArkansasS4Yes
MissouriSNRYes
MississippiS5Yes
TexasS2Yes
IllinoisS5Yes
KentuckyS4Yes
North CarolinaS1Yes
OhioS5Yes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
FloridaSNAYes
Roadless Areas (4)
Alabama (1)
AreaForestAcres
Oakey MountainTalladega National Forest6,129
Mississippi (1)
AreaForestAcres
Sandy Creek Rare Ii AreaHomochitto National Forest2,620
Missouri (2)
AreaForestAcres
Irish Rare II Study AreaMark Twain National Forest1,226
Spring Creek Rare II Study AreaMark Twain National Forest4,899
References (44)
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  2. Boschung, H. T., and R. L. Mayden. 2004. Fishes of Alabama. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. 960 pp.
  3. Buchanan, Thomas M. (Department of Biology. Westark College AR). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, TNC. March 2000.
  4. Burr, B. M., and M. L. Warren, Jr. 1986a. Distributional atlas of Kentucky fishes. Kentucky Nature Preserves Commission, Scientific and Technical Series No. 4, Frankfort, Kentucky. 398 pp.
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  6. Cooper, E. L. 1983. Fishes of Pennsylvania and the northeastern United States. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park. 243 pp.
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  8. Douglas, N. H. 1974. Freshwater fishes of Louisiana. Claitor's Publishing Division, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 443 pp.
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  10. Dowling, T. E., and W. R. Hoeh. 1991. The extent of introgression outside the contact zone between <i>Notropis cornutus</i> and <i>Notropis chrysocephalus</i>. Evolution 45:944-956.
  11. Dowling, T. E. and W. S. Moore. 1984. Level of reproductive isolation between two cyprinid fishes, <i>Notropis cornutus</i> and <i>N. chrysocephalus</i>. Copeia 1984:617-628.
  12. Dowling, T. E., G. R. Smith, and W. M. Brown. 1989. Reproductive isolation and introgression between <i>Notropis cornutus</i> and <i>Notropis chrysocephalus</i> (family Cyprinidae): comparison of morphology, allozymes, and mitochondrial DNA. Evolution 43:620-634.
  13. Dowling, T.E., W.R. Hoeh, G.R. Smith and W.M. Brown. 1992a. Evolutionary relationships of shiners in the genus <i>Luxilus</i> (Cyprinidae) as determined by analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Copeia 1992:306-322.
  14. Etnier, D. A., and W. C. Starnes. 1993. The fishes of Tennessee. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee. xiv + 681 pp.
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  16. Gleason, C.A. and T.M. Berra. 1993. Demonstration of reproductive isolation and observation of mismatings in <i>Luxilus cornutus</i> and <i>L. chrysocephalus</i> in sympatry. Copeia 1993(3):614-628
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