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Scutellaria parvula

Michx.

Small Skullcap

G5Secure Found in 3 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.147173
Element CodePDLAM1U110
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderLamiales
FamilyLamiaceae
GenusScutellaria
Other Common Names
Scutellaire minime (FR) small skullcap (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-04-01
Change Date2024-04-01
Edition Date2024-06-07
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Scutellaria parvula is wide-ranging perennial herb occurring in a variety of open habitats in eastern and central North America from from Ontario and Quebec, Canada and in the United States from Maine west to Minnesota and south to Georgia and Texas. Threats include development, cattle trampling, rights-of-way maintenance activities, succession, recreational activities, and invasive species. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Scutellaria parvula occurs in eastern and central North America from Ontario and Quebec, Canada and in the United States from Maine west to Minnesota and south to Georgia and Texas. See individual entries for distribution details about the three varieties. Range extent was estimated to be almost 2.4 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are over 1000 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Scutellaria parvula have low-level threats from lack of disturbance and succession (Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project 2002), and additional threats include development, livestock trampling, rights-of-way maintenance activities, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Scutellaria parvula grows in upland prairies, rocky (sometimes shale) woodlands, bottomland forests, and rock outcrops, including limestone glades, diabase barrens, shale barrens (Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2023).

Ecology

Baskin and Baskin (1982) have studied this species' ecological life cycle and temperature relations of seed germination and bud growth.
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - HardwoodForest - MixedForest EdgeWoodland - HardwoodWoodland - MixedGrassland/herbaceousBarrensBare rock/talus/scree
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS3Yes
OntarioS4Yes
ManitobaSUYes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
MarylandSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
District of ColumbiaSXYes
NebraskaSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
KentuckySNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
West VirginiaS2Yes
LouisianaSNRYes
VermontS2Yes
MichiganS2Yes
PennsylvaniaSNRYes
North DakotaSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
KansasSNRYes
IowaSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
FloridaSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
MississippiSNRYes
TexasSNRYes
ArkansasSNRYes
IndianaSNRYes
New YorkSNRYes
MaineSHYes
WisconsinSNRYes
South DakotaSNRYes
ConnecticutSUYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
VirginiaS1Yes
GeorgiaS3Yes
DelawareSHYes
South CarolinaS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined———

—

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (3)
Illinois (2)
AreaForestAcres
Burden FallsShawnee National Forest485
Burke BranchShawnee National Forest6,231
Missouri (1)
AreaForestAcres
Swan Creek Rare II Study AreaMark Twain National Forest7,310
References (8)
  1. Baskin, J.M., and C.C. Baskin. 1982c. Ecological life cycle and temperature relations of seed germination and bud growth in <i>Scutellaria parvula</i>. Bull. Torrey Botanical Club 109:1-6.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  3. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  6. Southern Appalachian Species Viability Project. 2002. A partnership between the U.S. Forest Service-Region 8, Natural Heritage Programs in the Southeast, NatureServe, and independent scientists to develop and review data on 1300+ regionally and locally rare species in the Southern Appalachian and Alabama region. Database (Access 97) provided to the U.S. Forest Service by NatureServe, Durham, North Carolina.
  7. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  8. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.