Solidago bicolor

L.

White Goldenrod

G5Secure Found in 35 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.135019
Element CodePDAST8P060
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderAsterales
FamilyAsteraceae
GenusSolidago
Other Common Names
Verge d'or bicolore (FR) white goldenrod (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-08-04
Change Date1984-09-06
Edition Date2025-08-04
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Solidago bicolor is a perennial forb occurring in disturbed sites, woodlands, rocky slopes, and pastures of eastern North America, from Ontario east to Nova Scotia, Canada, south to Georgia and Missouri in the United States. There are over 1,500 estimate occurrences of this species, which are potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way construction and maintenance, invasive species, and other threats in some places. Little is known about threats and trends, but with a large range extent, large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, Solidago bicolor is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Solidago bicolor occurs in eastern North America, from Ontario east to Nova Scotia, Canada, south to Georgia and Missouri in the United States (FNA 2006, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025). Range extent was estimated to be over 2 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are more than 1,500 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Solidago bicolor is potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way construction and maintenance, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, tolerance of disturbance, and affinity for typically abundant habitats.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Solidago bicolor occurs in roadbanks, pastures, "sandy and clay soils, dry open woods, rocky slopes, [and] disturbed soils" from 0-1000+ m in elevation (FNA 2006, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest EdgeOld field
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
AlabamaSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
DelawareS4Yes
MissouriSNRYes
New JerseyS5Yes
South CarolinaS2Yes
North CarolinaS5Yes
MassachusettsSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
ConnecticutSNRYes
VermontS5Yes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
IndianaSNRYes
MarylandSNRYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
GeorgiaS3Yes
New HampshireSNRYes
KentuckyS5Yes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
MichiganS1Yes
MississippiSNRYes
VirginiaS5Yes
MaineSNRYes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
New BrunswickS5Yes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
Prince Edward IslandS4Yes
QuebecS3Yes
OntarioS4Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (35)
Maine (1)
AreaForestAcres
Caribou - Speckled ExtWhite Mountain National Forest5,988
New Hampshire (11)
AreaForestAcres
Carr MountainWhite Mountain National Forest17,110
JobildunkWhite Mountain National Forest3,660
KilkennyWhite Mountain National Forest28,766
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
Mt. Wolf - Gordon PondWhite Mountain National Forest11,846
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Pemigewasset ExtWhite Mountain National Forest15,840
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
Sandwich RangeWhite Mountain National Forest16,797
WatervilleWhite Mountain National Forest4,312
Wild RiverWhite Mountain National Forest46,878
North Carolina (8)
AreaForestAcres
Chunky Gal (addition)Nantahala National Forest3,336
Craggy MountainPisgah National Forest2,657
Graveyard Ridge (addition)Pisgah National Forest1,958
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Laurel MountainPisgah National Forest5,683
Lost CovePisgah National Forest5,944
Middle Prong AdditionPisgah National Forest1,852
Sam Knob (addition)Pisgah National Forest2,576
Pennsylvania (1)
AreaForestAcres
Tracy RidgeAllegheny National Forest9,034
Tennessee (1)
AreaForestAcres
Flint Mill GapCherokee National Forest9,494
Vermont (2)
AreaForestAcres
Devil's Den 09083Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests9,169
Griffith Lake 09084Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,833
Virginia (7)
AreaForestAcres
Beards MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,505
Crawford MountainGeorge Washington National Forest9,892
Elliott KnobGeorge Washington National Forest9,380
JerkemtightGeorge Washington National Forest16,687
Kelley MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,590
Little RiverGeorge Washington National Forest27,292
SkidmoreGeorge Washington National Forest5,641
West Virginia (4)
AreaForestAcres
Canaan LoopMonongahela National Forest7,867
Dolly Sods Roaring PlainMonongahela National Forest13,392
Dry River (WV)George Washington National Forest7,331
Middle MountainMonongahela National Forest19,020
References (8)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2006b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 20. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 7: Asteraceae, part 2. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxii + 666 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  6. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  7. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  8. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).