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Paralaoma servilis

(Shuttleworth, 1852)

Pinhead Spot

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.107859
Element CodeIMGAS47030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryInvertebrate Animal
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumMollusca
ClassGastropoda
OrderStylommatophora
FamilyPunctidae
GenusParalaoma
Synonyms
Paralaoma caputspinulae(Reeve, 1852)Paralaoma servile(Shuttleworth, 1852)Punctum conspectum(Bland, 1865)Punctum pusillum(Lowe, 1831)
Other Common Names
Pinhead Spot Snail (EN)
Concept Reference
Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
This species has a long and complex taxonomic history, including Helix pusilla Lowe, 1831, Helix servilis Shuttleworth, 1852, Helix caputspinulae Reeve, 1852 and Punctum conspectum (Bland, 1865); Falkner et al. (2002) demonstrated that servilis is the oldest available name for this taxon (Roth 1987, Christensen et al. 2011). Roth and Sadeghian (2003), Forsyth (2004), Grimm et al. (2009) and MolluscaBase (2022) list this species as Paralaoma servilis (Shuttleworth, 1852).
Conservation Status
Review Date2002-10-08
Change Date2002-10-08
Number of Occurrences> 300
Occurrences Comments
Pilsbry (1948) cites it (as Punctum conspectum) from Alaska (Sitka; Chilkoot Valley; Coal Harbor; Unga Island; Unalaska; Kodiak Island; Dyea Valley), British Columbia (near Duncan and Victoria, Vancouver Island), Idaho (Adams, Bannock, Clearwater, Shoshone, and Washington Cos.), Montana (Sanders and Sweetgrass Cos.), Washington (King and Snohomish Cos.), Oregon (Claekamas and Douglas Cos.), California (Alameda, Calaveras, Los Angeles, Mariposa, Marin, Monterey, Napa, San Bernardino, Santa Clara, San Diego, San Francisco, and Siskiyou Cos.), Arizona (Thomas Peak and on Reservation Creek, Apache Co.), and New Mexico (Willow Creek, Mogollon Mountains). Forsyth (2005) documented it in the Upper Fraser Basin of central British Columbia at two localities. It was found recently in 2010 in Julian, San Diego Co., California (Pearce and Richart, 2010).
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS5Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
AlaskaSNRYes
ArizonaSNRYes
New MexicoSNRYes
IdahoS3Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
MontanaSNRYes
TexasS3Yes
OregonSNRYes
WashingtonS4Yes
Roadless Areas (1)
California (1)
AreaForestAcres
Crystal CreekSan Bernardino National Forest6,783
References (10)
  1. Christensen, C.C., N.W. Yeung and K.A. Hayes. 2012. First records of <i>Paralaoma servilis</i> (Shuttleworth, 1852) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Punctidae) in the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 112: 3-7.
  2. Falkner, G., T.E.J. Ripken and M. Falkner. 2002. Mollusques continentaux de France. Liste de Référence annotée et Bibliographie. Patrimoines naturels 52: 1-350 pp
  3. Forsyth, R.G. 2004b. Land Snails of British Columbia. Royal British Columbia Museum: Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. 188 pp.
  4. Forsyth, R.G. 2005a. Terrestrial gastropods of the Upper Fraser Basin of British Columbia. Living Landscapes, Royal British Columbia Museum: Victoria, British Columbia. 26 pp.
  5. Grimm, F.W., R.G. Forsyth, F.W. Schueler, and A. Karstad. 2009. Identifying Land Snails and Slugs in Canada: Introduced Species and Native Genera. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, iv + 1-168.
  6. MolluscaBase eds. 2022. MolluscaBase. Accessed at https://www.molluscabase.org.
  7. Pearce, T.A. and C.H. Richart. 2010. American Malacological Society terrestrial field trip report, 26 June and 1 July 2010: In search of <i>Anadenulus cockerelli</i>. American Malacological Society Newsletter 42(2):9-11.
  8. Roth, B. 1987. "<i>Punctum pusillum</i>" (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Punctidae)- a correction. The Veliger 30(1): 95-96.
  9. Roth, B. and P.S. Sadeghian. 2003. Checklist of the land snails and slugs of California. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Contributions in Science, 3: 1-81.
  10. Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.