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Struthiopteris spicant

(L.) Weis

Deer Fern

G5Secure Found in 156 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.153085
Element CodePPBLE01080
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumFilicinophyta
ClassFilicopsida
OrderFilicales
FamilyBlechnaceae
GenusStruthiopteris
Synonyms
Blechnum spicant(L.) Roth
Other Common Names
Blechnum en épi (FR) deer fern (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
The generic placement of this taxon in Struthiopteris is in accordance with the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I (2016) and the classification of Gasper et al. (2016).
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2015-07-21
Change Date1985-09-06
Edition Date1998-05-20
Edition AuthorsGRIES, D
Rank Reasons
Interruptedly circumboreal, Blechnum spicant occurs in North America from coastal and south central British Columbia south to California, where locally common, and disjunct in Idaho, where it is known from twenty occurrences.
Range Extent Comments
Interruptedly circumboreal, in the Pacific Northwest chiefly west of the Cascade Mountains and disjunct in northern Idaho; in Idaho, occurs in Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho (Idaho Native Plant Society, 1993).
Occurrences Comments
In Idaho, known from twenty occurrences (Idaho Native Plant Society, 1993).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Mesic to wet forests, peatbogs, and open places in the lowland to montane zones (Douglas, 1989).
Palustrine Habitats
Bog/fen
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS5Yes
United StatesNNR
ProvinceRankNative
WashingtonSNRYes
OregonSNRYes
IdahoS3Yes
AlaskaSNRYes
CaliforniaSNRYes
Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (156)
Alaska (74)
AreaForestAcres
AnanTongass National Forest36,666
Behm IslandsTongass National Forest4,777
Bering LakeChugach National Forest965,076
Brabazon AdditionTongass National Forest498,819
ChichagofTongass National Forest555,858
Chilkat-West Lynn CanalTongass National Forest199,772
Chugach-12Chugach National Forest8,116
Chugach-13Chugach National Forest13,337
Chugach-8Chugach National Forest21,559
ClevelandTongass National Forest189,447
College FiordChugach National Forest1,130,818
Copper River WetlandsChugach National Forest85,972
Dall IslandTongass National Forest105,780
Douglas IslandTongass National Forest28,065
East MitkofTongass National Forest8,795
El CapitanTongass National Forest26,693
EudoraTongass National Forest195,022
Fidalgo-GravinaChugach National Forest257,968
Five MileTongass National Forest19,459
Freshwater BayTongass National Forest44,933
Game CreekTongass National Forest54,469
GravinaTongass National Forest37,381
Green RocksTongass National Forest11,093
HardingTongass National Forest174,349
Hoonah SoundTongass National Forest79,764
HyderTongass National Forest121,723
Juneau UrbanTongass National Forest101,581
Juneau-Skagway IcefieldTongass National Forest1,187,268
KartaTongass National Forest52,117
KekuTongass National Forest10,869
Kenai MountainsChugach National Forest306,600
KogishTongass National Forest65,216
KosciuskoTongass National Forest64,134
LindenbergTongass National Forest25,855
MadanTongass National Forest68,553
Middle KruzofTongass National Forest14,724
MontagueChugach National Forest204,875
MosmanTongass National Forest53,492
Neka BayTongass National Forest7,142
Neka MountainTongass National Forest6,138
Nellie JuanChugach National Forest713,697
North BaranofTongass National Forest314,089
North ClevelandTongass National Forest105,288
North EtolinTongass National Forest40,993
North KruzofTongass National Forest33,146
North KupreanofTongass National Forest114,660
North RevillaTongass National Forest215,430
North WrangellTongass National Forest8,091
Outer IslandsTongass National Forest99,862
Pavlof-East PointTongass National Forest5,399
Port AlexanderTongass National Forest120,681
Prince William Sound Is.Chugach National Forest118,698
QuartzTongass National Forest143,003
RedoubtTongass National Forest68,347
RevillaTongass National Forest29,298
RhineTongass National Forest23,010
Salmon BayTongass National Forest22,793
SarkarTongass National Forest51,908
Sheridan GlacierChugach National Forest224,683
Sitka UrbanTongass National Forest112,003
Soda BayTongass National Forest78,091
South KruzofTongass National Forest55,193
South RevillaTongass National Forest52,105
SpiresTongass National Forest533,746
SukkwanTongass National Forest44,369
Taku-SnettishamTongass National Forest664,928
Tenakee RidgeTongass National Forest20,527
Thorne RiverTongass National Forest72,983
Twenty MileChugach National Forest198,775
Upper SitukTongass National Forest16,789
West WrangellTongass National Forest10,291
WhitestoneTongass National Forest5,638
Windham-Port HoughtonTongass National Forest161,952
Yakutat ForelandsTongass National Forest323,648
California (3)
AreaForestAcres
North Fork SmithSix Rivers National Forest37,898
Orleans Mtn. BSix Rivers National Forest17,183
Siskiyou BSix Rivers National Forest18,871
Idaho (2)
AreaForestAcres
Bighorn - WeitasNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest254,845
North Lochsa SlopeNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest117,662
Oregon (31)
AreaForestAcres
Bull Of The WoodsWillamette National Forest53
Bull Of The WoodsMt. Hood National Forest8,843
Chucksney MountainWillamette National Forest15,369
Drift CreekSiuslaw National Forest6,333
EagleMt. Hood National Forest16,841
Echo MountainWillamette National Forest8,098
ElkhornWillamette National Forest9,380
FairviewUmpqua National Forest7,417
French Pete (a)Willamette National Forest1,668
Gordon MeadowsWillamette National Forest9,463
Hebo 1aSiuslaw National Forest13,930
LakeMt. Hood National Forest1,327
LarchMt. Hood National Forest12,961
Maiden PeakWillamette National Forest9,627
Maiden PeakDeschutes National Forest26,432
Menagerie (rooster Rock)Willamette National Forest374
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
Mt. HagenWillamette National Forest6,406
Mt. Hood AdditionsMt. Hood National Forest13,061
Opal CreekWillamette National Forest5,417
Roaring RiverMt. Hood National Forest27,316
Salmon - HuckleberryMt. Hood National Forest17,570
TahkenitchSiuslaw National Forest5,799
TenmileSiuslaw National Forest10,818
Twin LakesMt. Hood National Forest6,055
Umpqua SpitSiuslaw National Forest2,090
Waldo - FujiWillamette National Forest15,273
Waldo - LakeWillamette National Forest2,993
Waldo - MoolackWillamette National Forest1,183
Wind CreekMt. Hood National Forest5,438
WoahinkSiuslaw National Forest5,309
Texas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Big CreekNational Forests in Texas1,447
Washington (45)
AreaForestAcres
Alpine Lakes Adj.Wenatchee National Forest57,104
BackboneGifford Pinchot National Forest1,201
Big Lava BedGifford Pinchot National Forest19,043
Boulder RiverMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest32,563
BourbonGifford Pinchot National Forest4,512
Carlton RidgeGifford Pinchot National Forest2,190
CortrightGifford Pinchot National Forest3,462
Dark DivideGifford Pinchot National Forest52,483
Eagle RockMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest34,064
Glacier Peak BMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest19,328
Glacier Peak JMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest26,482
Glacier Peak KMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest47,269
Glacier Peak LMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest14,084
Green MountainOlympic National Forest4,617
Heather LakeWenatchee National Forest10,628
Higgins MountainMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest13,185
Jefferson RidgeOlympic National Forest6,512
Jupiter RidgeOlympic National Forest10,148
Liberty BellOkanogan National Forest108,495
LightningOlympic National Forest7,179
Madison CreekOlympic National Forest1,223
Moonlight DomeOlympic National Forest4,919
Mt. Baker MaMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest24,847
Mt. Baker Noisy - DiobsudMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest56,039
Mt. Baker NorthMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest16,873
Mt. Baker WestMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest25,390
Mt. BaldyOlympic National Forest3,557
Mt. ZionOlympic National Forest3,544
Nason RidgeWenatchee National Forest19,329
Norse PeakWenatchee National Forest10,169
Packwood LakeGifford Pinchot National Forest1,084
PompeyGifford Pinchot National Forest23,985
PressentinMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest14,545
QuilceneOlympic National Forest18,656
Red MountainGifford Pinchot National Forest2,992
Rugged RidgeOlympic National Forest4,358
SawtoothOkanogan National Forest122,194
Silver StarGifford Pinchot National Forest7,779
SiouxonGifford Pinchot National Forest12,773
South QuinaultOlympic National Forest11,081
StrawberryGifford Pinchot National Forest5,244
Thorp Mtn.Wenatchee National Forest22,717
TumwaterGifford Pinchot National Forest8,676
Twin LakesWenatchee National Forest22,496
Upper SkokomishOlympic National Forest9,311
References (7)
  1. Douglas, G.W., G.B. Straley, and D. Meidinger. 1989. The vascular plants of British Columbia. Part 1. Gymnosperms and Dicotyledons (Asteraceae through Cucurbitaceae). Crown Publications Incorporated. Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. 208 pp.
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 1993a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 2. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xvi + 475 pp.
  3. Gasper, A.L. de, V.A.O. Dittrich, A.R. Smith, and A. Salino. 2016. A classification of Blechnaceae: new genera, resurrected names, and combinations. Phytotaxa 275(3): 191-227.
  4. Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. 1400 pp.
  5. Idaho Native Plant Society. 1993. Federal candidate (C1 and C2) and listed rare plants of Idaho. unpaginated.
  6. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  7. Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I. 2016. A Community-Derived Classification for Extant Lycophytes and Ferns. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54(6): 563–603.