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Catostomus catostomus

(Forster, 1773)

Longnose Sucker

G5Secure Found in 13 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.101121
Element CodeAFCJC02030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyCatostomidae
GenusCatostomus
Other Common Names
Meunier rouge (FR)
Concept Reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
Once thought to consist of a number of subspecies; semidistinct dwarf forms are known from various parts of the range (Lee et al. 1980). See Smith (1992) for a study of the phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2015-08-17
Change Date1996-09-18
Edition Date2011-10-26
Edition AuthorsHammerson, G.
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Common and widespread in northern North America.
Range Extent Comments
This is the most widespread sucker in northern North America. It occurs throughout most of Alaska and Canada, south to New England, West Virginia-Maryland, northern Ohio, northern Indiana, Minnesota, Nebraska, eastern Colorado, Idaho, and Washington; also in northeastern Asia. It has been introduced in the upper Colorado River drainage, Wyoming and Colorado.
Occurrences Comments
This species is represented by a large number of occurrences (subpopulations), especially in the north.
Threat Impact Comments
No major threats are known in most of the range. This species is threatened in Lake Michigan due to deteriorating water quality and ecological imbalance caused by introductions of non-native fishes (Herkert 1992).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Habitat of this bottom dweller usually is cold, clear, deep water of lakes and tributary streams, to depths of 600 feet in the Great Lakes; this fish also occurs in brackish water near the mouths of Arctic streams (Page and Burr 2011). Spawning occurs often in flowing shallow stream water over gravel; otherwise in lakes. Eggs sink and stick to the bottom. Young stay in gravel 1-2 weeks before emerging.

Reproduction

Spawns in spring. Eggs hatch in about 2 weeks. Sexually mature in 4-7 years, or as late as 9 years (Scott and Crossman 1973, Becker 1983).
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
New YorkS2Yes
ConnecticutSNRYes
ColoradoS5Yes
IdahoS4Yes
WashingtonS4Yes
WyomingS5Yes
PennsylvaniaS1Yes
VermontS4Yes
MaineS5Yes
West VirginiaSXYes
IndianaS2Yes
WisconsinS4Yes
New HampshireS5Yes
AlaskaS5Yes
South DakotaS2Yes
MarylandSXYes
MichiganS4Yes
IllinoisS1Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
MontanaS4Yes
MassachusettsS3Yes
North DakotaS4Yes
NebraskaS2Yes
OhioS1Yes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS5Yes
OntarioS5Yes
NunavutS4Yes
LabradorS5Yes
SaskatchewanS5Yes
Northwest TerritoriesS4Yes
New BrunswickS4Yes
ManitobaS5Yes
Yukon TerritoryS5Yes
British ColumbiaS5Yes
AlbertaS5Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
No known threats———

—

Roadless Areas (13)
Alaska (1)
AreaForestAcres
ConeTongass National Forest128,454
Montana (7)
AreaForestAcres
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLolo National Forest118,485
Buckhorn Ridge (MT)Kootenai National Forest34,716
North Big HoleBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest52,227
North CarpBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest6,600
SapphireBitterroot National Forest43,303
SapphiresBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest66,619
Silver KingLolo National Forest12,816
Washington (2)
AreaForestAcres
Grassy TopColville National Forest10,302
Salmo - Priest BColville National Forest11,869
Wyoming (3)
AreaForestAcres
French CreekMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest5,928
Libby FlatsMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest11,107
Snowy RangeMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest29,660
References (33)
  1. Bailey, M. M. 1969. Age, growth, and maturity of the longnose sucker, <i>Catostomus catostomus</i>, of Western Lake Superior. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 26(5):1289-1299.
  2. Baxter, G. T., and J. R. Simon. 1970. Wyoming fishes. Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Cheyenne, Wyoming, 168 pp.
  3. Becker, G. C. 1983. Fishes of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 1,052 pp.
  4. Cooper, E. L. 1983. Fishes of Pennsylvania and the northeastern United States. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park. 243 pp.
  5. Cox, Kenneth M. (District Fisheries Biologist, VT Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  6. Fago, D. 2000. Relative abundance and distribution of fishes in Wisconsin. Fish Distribution Database to year 2000. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
  7. Geen, G. H., T. G. Northcote, G. F. Hartman and C. C. Lindsey. 1966. Life histories of two species of Catastomid fishes in Sixteenmile Lake, British Columbia, with particular reference to inlet stream spawning. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 23(11):1761-1788.
  8. Halliwell, David B. (Maine Department of Environmental Protection). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. June 2000.
  9. Hartel, Karsten E. (Dept. of Ichthyology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  10. Herkert, J. R., editor. 1992. Endangered and threatened species of Illinois: status and distribution. Vol. 2: Animals. Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board. iv + 142 pp.
  11. Holton, G. D., and H. E. Johnson. 1996. A field guide to Montana fishes. 2nd edition. Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Montana State Parks and wildlife Interpretive Association, Helena, Montana. 104 pp.
  12. Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina. i-x + 854 pp.
  13. Master, L. L. and A. L. Stock. 1998. Synoptic national assessment of comparative risks to biological diversity and landscape types: species distributions. Summary Report submitted to Environmental Protection Agency. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA. 36 pp.
  14. McPhail, J. D., and E. B. Taylor. 1999. Morphological and genetic variation in northwestern longnose suckers, <i>Catostomus catostomus</i>: the Salish sucker problem. Copeia 1999:884-893.
  15. Mongillo, Paul E. (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Management Program). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  16. Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
  17. Nesler, Tom (Colorado Division of Wildlife). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, TNC. May 2000.
  18. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
  19. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
  20. Page, L. M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, R. L. Mayden, and J. S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
  21. Page, L. M., K. E. Bemis, T. E. Dowling, H.S. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, K. E. Hartel, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, M. A. Neigbors, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, and H. J. Walker, Jr. 2023. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
  22. Patton, Tim M. (Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Oklahoma University). 2001. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps of Wyoming. Review requested by Pilar Hernandez, ABI. April 2000.
  23. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
  24. Scott, W. B., and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin 184. 966 pp.
  25. Simpson, J. and R. Wallace. 1982. Fishes of Idaho. The University Press of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho. 238 pp.
  26. Smith, C. L. 1985. The inland fishes of New York State. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Albany, New York, xi + 522 pp.
  27. Smith, G. R. 1992. Phylogeny and biogeography of the Catostomidae, freshwater fishes of North America and Asia. Pages 778-826 in R.L. Mayden, editor. Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. xxvi + 969 pp.
  28. Smith, P. W. 1979. The fishes of Illinois. University of Illinois Press, Urbana. 314 pp.
  29. State Natural Heritage Data Centers. 1996a. Aggregated element occurrence data from all U.S. state natural heritage programs, including the Tennessee Valley Authority, Navajo Nation and the District of Columbia. Science Division, The Nature Conservancy.
  30. Stauffer, J. R., Jr., J. M. Boltz, and L. R. White. 1995. The fishes of West Virginia. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 146:1-389.
  31. Trautman, M. B. 1981. The fishes of Ohio. Second edition. Ohio State University Press, Columbus, Ohio. 782 pp.
  32. Wallace, Richard L. (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  33. Whittier, Thomas R. 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.