Carex communis

Bailey

Fibrous-root Sedge

G5Secure Found in 2 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.148063
Element CodePMCYP032X0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderCyperales
FamilyCyperaceae
GenusCarex
Other Common Names
Carex commun (FR) fibrousroot sedge (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
Crins and Rettig in FNA (2002, vol. 23), Kartesz (1999), and the U.S. FWS (1993) recognize Carex communis var. amplisquama as distinct from typical C. communis. Weakley et al. (2025) do not saying, "Despite considerable cytogenetic and morphological variation with [Carex communis], current molecular sampling across its range does not reveal significant patterns that would justify taxonomic recognition of segregate taxa. Additional study is needed."
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-06-30
Change Date1986-04-08
Edition Date2025-06-30
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Carex communis is a wide-ranging perennial graminoid in deciduous and mixed forests, woodlands, clearings, bluffs, and slopes. It occurs in eastern North America from Newfoundland Island and Nova Scotia west to Ontario, Canada and south in the United States to Georgia west to Arkansas and Oklahoma. There are over 1,100 occurrences estimated, which face threats from development, rights-of-way maintenance, logging, recreational activities, and invasive species. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Carex communis occurs in eastern North America from Newfoundland Island and Nova Scotia west to Ontario, Canada and south in the United States to Georgia west to Arkansas and Oklahoma (FNA 2002, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025). Range extent was estimated to be over 3.2 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are over 1,100 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, this species is threatened by development, rights-of-way maintenance, logging, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species (NatureServe 2025). However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, tolerance of light disturbance, and affinity for typically abundant habitats, as well as no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Carex communis grows in poor to rich, well-drained soils of dry to moist woodlands, forests, and clearings, in partial shade of deciduous and mixed deciduous-coniferous forests, crevices and ledges of bluffs, slopes, and streambanks (FNA 2002, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - HardwoodForest - MixedForest EdgeWoodland - HardwoodWoodland - MixedBare rock/talus/scree
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
MichiganSNRYes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
IllinoisS1Yes
MaineSNRYes
South CarolinaS2Yes
MississippiS1Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
IowaS3Yes
New HampshireSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
MarylandSNRYes
KentuckyS5Yes
GeorgiaSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
IndianaS4Yes
VirginiaS5Yes
VermontS5Yes
MissouriSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
North CarolinaSUYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
DelawareS4Yes
ConnecticutSNRYes
OhioS5Yes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
ArkansasS4Yes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
OntarioS5Yes
QuebecSNRYes
New BrunswickS5Yes
Prince Edward IslandS4Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS1Yes
Threat Assessments

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (2)
New Hampshire (1)
AreaForestAcres
KearsargeWhite Mountain National Forest4,554
Virginia (1)
AreaForestAcres
Ramseys Draft AdditionGeorge Washington National Forest12,781
References (10)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2002b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 23. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 608 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. Hill, S. R. 2006. Conservation assessment for the Fibrous-rooted sedge (<i>Carex communis</i> L.H. Bailey var. <i>communis</i>). Illinois Natural History Survey. Center for Wildlife and Plant Ecology Technical Report 2006 (7). Accessed October 2010. Available online: https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/10184/inhscwpev02006i00007_opt.pdf?sequence=2
  4. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  8. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  9. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1993. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; review of plant taxa for listing as endangered or threatened species. Federal Register, 50 CFR Part 17, 58(188):51144-51190.
  10. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).