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Home/Species/ Blacknose Shiner

Notropis heterolepis

Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1893

Blacknose Shiner

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
MediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.101074
Element CodeAFCJB28530
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyLeuciscidae
GenusNotropis
Other Common Names
Museau noir (FR)
Concept Reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
Populations in Middle Cumberland River system were described as a separate species, N. rupestris, by Page and Beckham (1987).
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2015-08-18
Change Date2013-01-16
Edition Date2001-09-05
Edition AuthorsHammerson, G. (2001); rev. M. Anions (2013)
Threat ImpactMedium
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Large range from southcentral Canada to Nova Scotia, south to Kansas (formerly), Missouri, Ohio, and New York; extirpated and declining acros most of the southern part of the range, but still common in areas of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and very common in many provinces in Canada; threats include land alterations that result in turbidity, siltation, and loss of aquatic vegetation.
Range Extent Comments
Atlantic, Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and Mississippi River basins from Nova Scotia to Saskatchewan, south to Ohio, Illinois, south-central Missouri, and (formerly) Kansas; common in some parts of range (especially Ontario, Michigan, and Wisconsin), disappearing from southern part (Page and Burr 1991). A record from Kentucky likely is erroneous (Burr and Warren 1986).
Occurrences Comments
Historically known from hundreds of collection sites, with concentrations from Minnesota to Ontario and sparse occurrences in most of the rest of the range (Smith 1979, Lee et al. 1980, Trautman 1981, Becker 1983, Smith 1985, Cross and Collins 1995, Pflieger 1997). Occurs as isolated, highly localized populations (Pflieger 1997).
Threat Impact Comments
Decline in south is due to increased turbidity, siltation of stream bottoms, and resulting disappearance of aquatic vegetation (Becker 1983, Herkert 1992). Pflieger (1997) mentioned land disturbance (clearing, logging, overgrazing) and subsequent siltation and loss of vegetated backwaters as causes for the decline in the Ozarks of Missouri. He stated that ongoing loss of native grass cover in the prairie region of Missouri will affect long-term survival of the species in that state. Lakeshore development may be contributing to the decline (Eddy and Underhill 1974).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Typically in cool weedy creeks, small rivers, and lakes, usually over sand; tolerant of oxygen depletion in winterkill lakes. Spawns probably over sandy places (Becker 1983).

Reproduction

Spawns in spring and summer. Sexually mature in 1 year.
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
New BrunswickS4Yes
ManitobaS5Yes
SaskatchewanS4Yes
Nova ScotiaS4Yes
OntarioS5Yes
QuebecS4Yes
United StatesN4
ProvinceRankNative
MissouriS2Yes
NebraskaS1Yes
MaineS3Yes
South DakotaS1Yes
IllinoisS2Yes
New HampshireSNANo
IowaS2Yes
North DakotaS3Yes
VermontS1Yes
New YorkS2Yes
KansasSXYes
OhioS1Yes
IndianaS3Yes
MichiganS4Yes
PennsylvaniaS1Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
WisconsinS5Yes
Roadless Areas (1)
North Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
SheyenneDakota Prairie Grasslands14,537
References (30)
  1. Becker, G. C. 1983. Fishes of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison. 1,052 pp.
  2. Burr, B. M., and M. L. Warren, Jr. 1986a. Distributional atlas of Kentucky fishes. Kentucky Nature Preserves Commission, Scientific and Technical Series No. 4, Frankfort, Kentucky. 398 pp.
  3. Cooper, E. L. 1983. Fishes of Pennsylvania and the northeastern United States. Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park. 243 pp.
  4. Cox, Kenneth M. (District Fisheries Biologist, VT Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  5. Cross, F. B., and J. T. Collins. 1995. Fishes in Kansas. Second Edition, revised. University of Kansas Museum of Natural History. xvii + 315 pp.
  6. Daniels, Robert (Biological Survey, New York State Museum). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. June 2000.
  7. Eberle, Mark (Fort Hays State University, KS). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. April 2000.
  8. Eddy, S. and J. C. Underhill. 1974. Northern fishes, with special reference to the Upper Mississippi Valley, 3rd edition. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 414 pp
  9. Emery, L. and D.C. Wallace. 1974. The age and growth of the blacknose shiner, <i>Notropis heterolepis</i> (Eigenmann and Eigenmann). American Midland Naturalist 91(1): 242-243.
  10. Fago, D. 2000. Relative abundance and distribution of fishes in Wisconsin. Fish Distribution Database to year 2000. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources.
  11. Halliwell, David B. (Maine Department of Environmental Protection). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. June 2000.
  12. Harlan, J. R., E. B. Speaker, and J. Mayhew. 1987. Iowa fish and fishing. Iowa Conservation Commission, Des Moines, Iowa. 323 pp.
  13. Herkert, J. R., editor. 1992. Endangered and threatened species of Illinois: status and distribution. Vol. 2: Animals. Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board. iv + 142 pp.
  14. Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina. i-x + 854 pp.
  15. Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
  16. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
  17. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
  18. Page, L. M., and E. C. Beckham. 1987. <i>Notropis rupestris</i>, a new cyprinid from the middle Cumberland River system, Tennessee, with comments on variation in <i>Notropis heterolepis</i>. Copeia 1987:659-668.
  19. Page, L. M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, R. L. Mayden, and J. S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
  20. Page, L. M., K. E. Bemis, T. E. Dowling, H.S. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, K. E. Hartel, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, M. A. Neigbors, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, and H. J. Walker, Jr. 2023. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
  21. Pflieger, W. L. 1975. The fishes of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation. Columbia, Missouri. viii + 343 pp.
  22. Pflieger, W. L. 1997a. The fishes of Missouri. Revised edition. Missouri Department of Conservation, Jefferson City. vi + 372 pp.
  23. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
  24. Scott, W. B., and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin 184. 966 pp.
  25. Smith, C. L. 1983. Fishes of New York (maps and printout of a draft section on scarce fishes of New York). Unpublished draft.
  26. Smith, C. L. 1985. The inland fishes of New York State. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Albany, New York, xi + 522 pp.
  27. Smith, P. W. 1979. The fishes of Illinois. University of Illinois Press, Urbana. 314 pp.
  28. State Natural Heritage Data Centers. 1996a. Aggregated element occurrence data from all U.S. state natural heritage programs, including the Tennessee Valley Authority, Navajo Nation and the District of Columbia. Science Division, The Nature Conservancy.
  29. Trautman, M. B. 1981. The fishes of Ohio. Second edition. Ohio State University Press, Columbus, Ohio. 782 pp.
  30. Whittier, Thomas R. 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.