Helianthus angustifolius

L.

Swamp Sunflower

G5Secure Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.134071
Element CodePDAST4N020
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderAsterales
FamilyAsteraceae
GenusHelianthus
Other Common Names
Narrowleaf Sunflower (EN) swamp sunflower (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-11-03
Change Date1985-04-05
Edition Date2025-11-03
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Helianthus angustifolius is a wide-ranging perennial herb found in a variety of mostly open, usually moist habitats, including pine savannas, ditches, and marshes. It is endemic to the eastern United States, primarily in the coastal plain from Long Island, New York south to Florida and west to Texas and Oklahoma, irregularly inland to Ohio, Indiana, and Missouri. There are over 2000 estimated occurrences, which face threats from development, conversion to agriculture or pasture, rights-of-way maintenance, recreational activities, fire suppression leading to succession, hydrological alteration, invasive species, and other threats in some places. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Helianthus angustifolius is endemic to the eastern United States, primarily in the coastal plain from Long Island, New York south to central peninsular Florida and west to eastern portions of Texas and Oklahoma, irregularly inland to Ohio, Indiana, and Missouri (FNA 2006, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025). Range extent was estimated to be over 2.6 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are over 2000 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, this species is threatened by development, conversion to agriculture or pasture, rights-of-way maintenance, recreational activities (especially off-road vehicles), fire suppression leading to succession, hydrological alteration, invasive species, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species (NatureServe 2025). However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, tolerance of light disturbance, and affinity for typically abundant habitats.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Helianthus angustifolius grows in open to shaded, usually moist places such as pine savannas, ditches, marshes, and other wet habitats (FNA 2006, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025).

Reproduction

This species flowers in late summer, sometimes starting as early as July, to fall (October) or until frost (FNA 2006, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest EdgeWoodland - ConiferWoodland - MixedSavannaGrassland/herbaceous
Palustrine Habitats
HERBACEOUS WETLAND
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
IllinoisS2Yes
South CarolinaS5Yes
LouisianaSNRYes
FloridaS4Yes
IndianaS1Yes
West VirginiaSNANo
New YorkS2Yes
MarylandSNRYes
TexasSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
GeorgiaSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
DelawareS3Yes
MississippiSNRYes
KentuckyS4Yes
OhioSNRYes
VirginiaS4Yes
AlabamaSNRYes
North CarolinaS5Yes
ArkansasSNRYes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
New JerseyS4Yes
MissouriS2Yes
PennsylvaniaSXYes
Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (4)
Louisiana (1)
AreaForestAcres
Saline Bayou W & S River CorridorKisatchie National Forest5,355
North Carolina (2)
AreaForestAcres
Catfish Lake NorthCroatan National Forest11,299
Chunky Gal (addition)Nantahala National Forest3,336
Oklahoma (1)
AreaForestAcres
Beech CreekOuachita National Forest8,303
References (8)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2006c. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 21. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 8: Asteraceae, part 3. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxii + 616 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  6. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  7. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  8. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).