Carex arctata

Boott ex Hook.

Black Sedge

G5Secure Found in 3 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.153305
Element CodePMCYP030Y0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderCyperales
FamilyCyperaceae
GenusCarex
Other Common Names
Carex comprimé (FR) drooping woodland sedge (EN) Drooping Woodland Sedge (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-08-18
Change Date2010-01-30
Edition Date2025-08-18
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Carex arctata is a wide-ranging perennial graminoid found in deciduous, evergreen, and mixed forests. It occurs in northeastern North America, from Newfoundland Island and Labrador west to Manitoba, Canada, south to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota in the United States. There are over 1000 occurrences, which face threats from development, rights-of-way maintenance, logging, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, abundant habitat, and broad habitat preferences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Carex arctata occurs in northeastern North America, from Newfoundland Island and Labrador west to Manitoba, Canada, south to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, western Virginia, northwestern North Carolina, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota in the United States (FNA 2002, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025). Range extent was estimated to be over 3 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are over 1000 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, this species is threatened by development, rights-of-way maintenance, logging, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species (NatureServe 2025). However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, and affinity for typically abundant habitats.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Carex arctata grows in northern hemlock or spruce-hardwood forests, boreal coniferous forests, white-cedar swamps, bog edges, upland, dry to mesic deciduous forests in the northern portion of its range and moist forests in the southeastern portion of its range (FNA 2002, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - HardwoodForest - ConiferForest - Mixed
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDBog/fen
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
Prince Edward IslandS4Yes
ManitobaS1Yes
LabradorSUYes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
QuebecS5Yes
OntarioS5Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS4Yes
New BrunswickS5Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
New HampshireSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
VirginiaS1Yes
MarylandSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS4Yes
MassachusettsSNRYes
MaineSNRYes
IndianaS1Yes
MinnesotaSNRYes
New JerseyS1Yes
OhioS1Yes
West VirginiaS1Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
VermontS5Yes
ConnecticutSNRYes
North CarolinaS1Yes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
Threat Assessments

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (3)
Michigan (1)
AreaForestAcres
FibreHiawatha National Forest7,432
Minnesota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Kawishiwi Lake To SawbillSuperior National Forest15,305
New Hampshire (1)
AreaForestAcres
KearsargeWhite Mountain National Forest4,554
References (9)
  1. Dodds, J.S. 2024. <i>Carex arctata</i> Rare Plant Profile. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, State Parks, Forests & Historic Sites, Forests & Natural Lands, Office of Natural Lands Management, New Jersey Natural Heritage Program, Trenton, NJ. 17 pp. [https://www.nj.gov/dep/parksandforests/natural/heritage/docs/carex-arctata-drooping-wood-sedge.docx.pdf]
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2002b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 23. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 608 pp.
  3. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  4. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  8. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  9. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).