Home/Species/ Northern Evening-primrose

Oenothera parviflora

Northern Evening-primrose

G5Secure Found in 3 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →

G5SecureGlobal Rank

UnknownThreat Impact

Identity

Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.134281

Element CodePDONA0C0Z0

Record TypeSPECIES

ClassificationSpecies

Classification StatusStandard

Name CategoryVascular Plant

Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations

KingdomPlantae

PhylumAnthophyta

ClassDicotyledoneae

OrderMyrtales

FamilyOnagraceae

GenusOenothera

Synonyms

Oenothera parviflora var. parviflora

Other Common Names

northern evening-primrose (EN) Onagre parviflore (FR) Small-Flowered Evening-Primrose (EN)

Concept Reference

Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.

Conservation Status

Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2

Review Date2024-05-27

Change Date2016-05-13

Edition Date2024-05-27

Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2024)

Threat ImpactUnknown

Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)

Number of Occurrences> 300

Rank Reasons

Oenothera parviflora is a wide-ranging biennial herb in open, disturbed habitats occurring in northeastern North America from Newfoundland west to Saskatchewan in Canada south to North Carolina west to Missouri and North Dakota in the United States. Threats include development, rights-of-way maintenance, recreational activities, quarrying, and invasive species. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent, large number of occurrences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, this species is considered secure.

Range Extent Comments

Oenothera parviflora occurs in northeastern North America from Newfoundland west to Saskatchewan in Canada south to North Carolina west to Missouri and North Dakota in the United States (FNA 2021). Range extent was estimated to be over 5.3 square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).

Occurrences Comments

By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are over 800 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).

Threat Impact Comments

Although threats are not widely documented, this species is potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way maintenance, recreational activities, invasive species, quarrying, and other threats in some places. However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.

Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Oenothera parviflora grows in "open or disturbed, sandy or gravelly sites, roadsides, fallow fields, clearings, riverbanks, along water courses, salt marshes, coastal meadows" (FNA 2021).

Terrestrial Habitats

Grassland/herbaceousOld field

Other Nations (2)

United StatesN5

Province	Rank	Native
New Hampshire	SNR	Yes
Wisconsin	SNR	Yes
District of Columbia	SNR	Yes
Tennessee	S1	Yes
Maryland	SNR	Yes
North Dakota	SNR	Yes
Illinois	SNR	Yes
Virginia	S3	Yes
Missouri	SU	Yes
Iowa	S3	Yes
New York	S5	Yes
Kentucky	S3	Yes
West Virginia	S4	Yes
Michigan	SNR	Yes
Maine	SNR	Yes
Minnesota	SNR	Yes
Connecticut	SNR	Yes
Ohio	S3	Yes
Rhode Island	SNR	Yes
New Jersey	S3	Yes
North Carolina	S2	Yes
Delaware	SU	Yes
Pennsylvania	SNR	Yes
Massachusetts	SNR	Yes
Vermont	S4	Yes
Georgia	SU	Yes
Indiana	SNR	Yes

CanadaN5

Province	Rank	Native
Nova Scotia	S4	Yes
Quebec	S4	Yes
Ontario	S5	Yes
Manitoba	S3	Yes
New Brunswick	S5	Yes
Prince Edward Island	S4	Yes
Saskatchewan	S4	Yes
Island of Newfoundland	S4	Yes

Threat Assessments

Threat	Scope	Severity	Timing
Unknown/undetermined	—	—	—

Plant Characteristics

DurationBIENNIAL

Economic Value (Genus)No

Roadless Areas (3)

Michigan (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Fibre	Hiawatha National Forest	7,432

Virginia (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Skidmore	George Washington National Forest	5,641

West Virginia (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Dry River (WV)	George Washington National Forest	7,331

References (7)

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2021. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 10. Magnoliophyta: Proteaceae to Elaeagnaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 456 pp.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
Haines, A. 2011. Flora Novae Angliae: a manual for the identification of native and naturalized higher vascular plants of New England. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. 973 pp.
iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).

Oenothera parviflora

Habitat

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