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Rudbeckia laciniata

L.

Greenhead Coneflower

G5Secure Found in 151 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.128829
Element CodePDAST85090
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderAsterales
FamilyAsteraceae
GenusRudbeckia
Other Common Names
Cutleaf Coneflower (EN) cutleaf coneflower (EN) Rudbeckie laciniée (FR)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-06-20
Change Date1984-08-29
Edition Date2024-06-20
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Rudbeckia laciniata is a wide-ranging perennial herb in a variety of wet habitats occurring throughout North America from Nova Scotia west to Manitoba in Canada south to Florida west to New Mexico in the United States with five varieties and introduced in Europe and Asia. Cultivars are commonly grown as ornaments and occasionally escape cultivation. Threats include development, rights-of-way maintenance, logging, recreational activities, succession, and invasive species. Little is known about trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Rudbeckia laciniata occurs throughout North America from Nova Scotia west to Manitoba in Canada (and introduced in British Columbia) south to Florida west to New Mexico in the United States (FNA 2006). It is introduced in Europe and Asia. See individual entries for distribution details about the five varieties. Native range extent was estimated to be over 8 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are thousands of occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, NatureServe 2024, SEINet 2024). However, this species is commonly cultivated, and iNatualist observations (almost 20,,000, mostly identified at the species-level) were not evaluated for evidence of cultivation (iNaturalist 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, this species is potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way maintenance, logging, recreational activities, succession, invasive species, and other threats in some places.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Rudbeckia laciniata grows in wet habitats, along streams and brooks, seepages and bogs, open meadows, moist forests, bottomlands, and edges of woods (FNA 2006, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2024).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest EdgeGrassland/herbaceous
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDBog/fenRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
Prince Edward IslandS2Yes
OntarioS5Yes
New BrunswickSNANo
Nova ScotiaS2Yes
British ColumbiaSNANo
ManitobaS3Yes
QuebecSNRYes
SaskatchewanS1Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
TennesseeSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
MarylandSNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
MississippiSNRYes
IowaS4Yes
IndianaS5Yes
FloridaSNRYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
VermontS4Yes
VirginiaS5Yes
North DakotaSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
KentuckySNRYes
UtahS1Yes
NebraskaSNRYes
South DakotaSNRYes
ColoradoS4Yes
New HampshireSNRYes
ConnecticutSNRYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
WyomingSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
TexasSNRYes
LouisianaS3Yes
South CarolinaSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
MaineSNRYes
ArizonaSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
District of ColumbiaSNRYes
ArkansasSNRYes
New JerseySNRYes
MontanaSNRYes
IdahoSNRYes
New MexicoSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
North CarolinaS5Yes
KansasSNRYes
GeorgiaSNRYes
New YorkS5Yes
DelawareSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined———

—

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (151)
Alabama (1)
AreaForestAcres
Oakey MountainTalladega National Forest6,129
Arizona (14)
AreaForestAcres
Barbershop CanyonCoconino National Forest1,311
Black River CanyonApache-Sitgreaves National Forests11,817
Butterfly Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest42,296
Campbell BlueApache-Sitgreaves National Forests7,003
Cdo WsaCoronado National Forest1,955
CenterfireApache-Sitgreaves National Forests13,130
ChiricahuaCoronado National Forest76,876
East Clear CreekCoconino National Forest1,613
Lower San FranciscoApache-Sitgreaves National Forests59,310
NolanApache-Sitgreaves National Forests6,780
Oracle RoadlessCoronado National Forest22,365
PinalenoCoronado National Forest130,920
Sierra Ancha Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest7,787
SunsetApache-Sitgreaves National Forests28,948
Arkansas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Clifty CanyonOzark-St. Francis National Forest1,963
Colorado (6)
AreaForestAcres
Comanche Peak Adjacent AreaArapaho & Roosevelt NFs44,158
Dome PeakRoutt NF35,716
HermosaSan Juan NF148,103
Long ParkRoutt NF42,100
San MiguelSan Juan NF64,263
Storm PeakSan Juan NF57,617
Georgia (9)
AreaForestAcres
Ellicott Rock AdditionChattahoochee National Forest690
Indian Grave GapChattahoochee National Forest1,020
Joe GapChattahoochee National Forest5,321
Kelly RidgeChattahoochee National Forest8,325
Lance CreekChattahoochee National Forest9,025
Pink KnobChattahoochee National Forest12,127
Rocky MountainChattahoochee National Forest4,269
Sarah's CreekChattahoochee National Forest6,888
Tate BranchChattahoochee National Forest1,069
Kentucky (1)
AreaForestAcres
WolfpenDaniel Boone National Forest2,835
Michigan (1)
AreaForestAcres
FibreHiawatha National Forest7,432
Missouri (1)
AreaForestAcres
Swan Creek Rare II Study AreaMark Twain National Forest7,310
Montana (7)
AreaForestAcres
BridgerGallatin National Forest45,059
Crazy MountainGallatin National Forest82,093
Fishtail SaddlebackCuster National Forest16,359
Mt. Gmt Area HCuster National Forest1,335
North AbsarokaGallatin National Forest159,075
North AbsarokaCuster National Forest21,063
Tenderfoot - Deep CreekLewis and Clark National Forest85,614
New Mexico (36)
AreaForestAcres
Black CanyonSanta Fe National Forest1,922
CajaSanta Fe National Forest5,304
Canjilon Mtn.Carson National Forest7,972
Chama WS RiverSanta Fe National Forest4,168
Chama WildernessSanta Fe National Forest1,295
Columbine - Hondo Wilderness Study AreaCarson National Forest43,739
Comales CanyonCarson National Forest4,389
Contiguous To Black & Aldo Leopold WildernessGila National Forest111,883
Contiguous To Gila Wilderness & Primitive AreaGila National Forest79,049
Devils CreekGila National Forest89,916
FallsSanta Fe National Forest2,477
GallinasSanta Fe National Forest13,208
Grass MountainSanta Fe National Forest3,254
Guaje CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,104
Holy GhostSanta Fe National Forest2,352
Jacks CreekSanta Fe National Forest740
Juan de Gabaldon GrantSanta Fe National Forest8,023
Latir PeakCarson National Forest3,573
Little TesuqueSanta Fe National Forest815
Nichols ReservoirSanta Fe National Forest1,518
NolanGila National Forest13,051
Oser MesaCarson National Forest2,840
Pacheco CanyonSanta Fe National Forest1,012
PecosCarson National Forest13,436
Pecos WS RiverSanta Fe National Forest5,396
Peralta RidgeSanta Fe National Forest4,027
Pueblo MesaSanta Fe National Forest3,540
RendijaSanta Fe National Forest2,176
San Pedro ParksSanta Fe National Forest5,824
Sawyers PeakGila National Forest59,743
Tesuque CreekSanta Fe National Forest810
Thompson PeakSanta Fe National Forest33,001
Virgin CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,068
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
Willow CreekSanta Fe National Forest1,477
YoungsvilleSanta Fe National Forest6,122
North Carolina (21)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainPisgah National Forest11,085
Balsam ConePisgah National Forest10,591
BearwallowPisgah National Forest4,113
Big Indian (addition)Nantahala National Forest1,155
Cheoah BaldNantahala National Forest7,795
Chunky Gal (addition)Nantahala National Forest3,336
Craggy MountainPisgah National Forest2,657
Graveyard Ridge (addition)Pisgah National Forest1,958
Harper CreekPisgah National Forest7,325
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Laurel MountainPisgah National Forest5,683
Little Indian (addition)Nantahala National Forest640
Lost CovePisgah National Forest5,944
Middle Prong AdditionPisgah National Forest1,852
Overflow CreekNantahala National Forest3,379
Sam Knob (addition)Pisgah National Forest2,576
Slide HollowPisgah National Forest193
SnowbirdNantahala National Forest8,489
South Mills RiverPisgah National Forest8,588
Tusquitee BaldNantahala National Forest13,670
Wilson CreekPisgah National Forest4,863
North Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
VenloDakota Prairie Grasslands5,317
Pennsylvania (2)
AreaForestAcres
Clarion RiverAllegheny National Forest3,821
Tracy RidgeAllegheny National Forest9,034
Tennessee (9)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainCherokee National Forest11,743
Beaver Dam CreekCherokee National Forest5,070
Brushy RidgeCherokee National Forest7,469
Flint Mill GapCherokee National Forest9,494
Rogers RidgeCherokee National Forest4,738
Slide HollowCherokee National Forest4,057
Stone MountainCherokee National Forest5,367
Sycamore CreekCherokee National Forest6,984
Upper Bald RiverCherokee National Forest9,202
Vermont (2)
AreaForestAcres
Bread LoafGreen Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,768
Griffith Lake 09084Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,833
Virginia (16)
AreaForestAcres
Adams PeakGeorge Washington National Forest7,135
Bear CreekJefferson National Forest18,274
Beards MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,505
Beaver Dam CreekJefferson National Forest1,135
Brush MountainJefferson National Forest6,002
Elliott KnobGeorge Washington National Forest9,380
Little RiverGeorge Washington National Forest27,292
Mt. PleasantGeorge Washington National Forest8,933
New London Bridge BranchJefferson National Forest844
North Fork PoundJefferson National Forest4,757
Oliver MountainGeorge Washington National Forest13,090
Peters Mountain Addition A (VA)Jefferson National Forest1,268
Raccoon BranchJefferson National Forest4,388
Seng MountainJefferson National Forest6,428
The PriestGeorge Washington National Forest5,737
Three RidgesGeorge Washington National Forest4,745
West Virginia (12)
AreaForestAcres
Cheat MountainMonongahela National Forest8,191
Cranberry AdditionMonongahela National Forest11,123
Cranberry Glades Botanical AreaMonongahela National Forest785
Dolly Sods Roaring PlainMonongahela National Forest13,392
Dry River (WV)George Washington National Forest7,331
Falls Of Hills CreekMonongahela National Forest6,925
Little MountainMonongahela National Forest8,172
Marlin MountainMonongahela National Forest9,344
Mcgowan MountainMonongahela National Forest10,504
Middle MountainMonongahela National Forest19,020
Peters Mountain Addition A (WV)Jefferson National Forest343
Seneca CreekMonongahela National Forest22,287
Wyoming (11)
AreaForestAcres
Big SandstoneMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest7,180
Cloud Peak ContiguousBighorn National Forest113,757
Encampment River AdditionMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest4,996
Laramie PeakMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest28,608
Little GooseBighorn National Forest25,558
Middle ForkMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest13,238
Piney CreekBighorn National Forest22,240
Platte River AdditionMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest7,962
Rock CreekMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest18,874
Sheep MountainMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest17,626
Singer PeakMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest10,498
References (7)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2006c. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 21. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 8: Asteraceae, part 3. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxii + 616 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  3. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. NatureServe. 2024. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  6. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  7. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.