Galium kamtschaticum

Steller ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes

Boreal Bedstraw

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132472
Element CodePDRUB0N150
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRubiales
FamilyRubiaceae
GenusGalium
Other Common Names
Gaillet du Kamtchatka (FR)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
As treated here (following Kartesz, 1994 checklist), excludes Galium oreganum, sometimes (e.g., Hulten, 1968) treated as Galium kamtschaticum var. oreganum.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-05-16
Change Date1998-10-14
Edition Date2025-05-16
Edition AuthorsFlorence Caplow, Washington Natural Heritage Program (1998), rev. N. Ventrella (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Galium kamtschaticum is a perennial forb occurring in conifer forests, moist conifer woods, thickets, seeps, stream banks, and talus slopes of northeastern and northwestern North America and Asia. In North America, it is found in Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington, and also from Ontario east to Newfoundland, south to New York and west to Michigan in the United States and Canada. There are just over 300 estimated occurrences of this species, which are threatened by logging, invasive species, changes to hydrology, rights-of-way maintenance, clearing of canopy cover, erosion, recreation, and other threats in some places. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent, high number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, Galium kamtschaticum is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Galium kamtschaticum occurs in northeastern and northwestern North America and eastern Asia (Native Plant Trust 2025, POWO 2025). In North America, it is found in Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington, and also from Ontario east to Newfoundland, south to New York and west to Michigan in the United States and Canada (Douglas et al. 1999, Brouillet et al. 2025, Native Plant Trust 2025, POWO 2025). Range extent was estimated using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are just over 300 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Galium kamtschaticum is threatened by logging, invasive species, changes to hydrology, rights-of-way maintenance, clearing of canopy cover, erosion, recreation, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species (NatureServe 2025). Moose may be an important seed dispersal vector for this species in parts of its range, and moose declines associated with climate change could cause similar declines to this species, though more research is needed.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Galium kamtschaticum occurs in boreal and subalpine forests, moist coniferous woods, thickets, seeps, on stream banks, talus slopes in the lowland and montane zones, and is often associated with abundant bryophyte cover (Douglas et al. 1999, Giblin 2025, Native Plant Trust 2025).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - ConiferWoodland - ConiferBare rock/talus/scree
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
Island of NewfoundlandS3Yes
British ColumbiaS4Yes
QuebecS3Yes
New BrunswickS1Yes
OntarioS2Yes
Nova ScotiaS3Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
MichiganS1Yes
New HampshireS3Yes
VermontS3Yes
MaineS2Yes
WashingtonS3Yes
AlaskaS4Yes
New YorkS1Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
4 - Transportation & service corridorsUnknownUnknownUnknown
5 - Biological resource useUnknownUnknownUnknown
5.3 - Logging & wood harvestingUnknownUnknownUnknown
6 - Human intrusions & disturbanceUnknownUnknownUnknown
6.1 - Recreational activitiesUnknownUnknownUnknown
7 - Natural system modificationsUnknownUnknownUnknown
7.2 - Dams & water management/useUnknownUnknownUnknown
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesUnknownUnknownUnknown
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseasesUnknownUnknownUnknown
8.1.1 - Unspecified speciesUnknownUnknownUnknown
9 - PollutionUnknownUnknownUnknown
9.3 - Agricultural & forestry effluentsUnknownUnknownUnknown
9.3.2 - Soil erosion, sedimentationUnknownUnknownUnknown

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
Alaska (1)
AreaForestAcres
Hoonah SoundTongass National Forest79,764
References (12)
  1. Brouillet, L., F. Coursol, S. Meades, M. Favreau, and M. Anions. 2025. VASCAN, the Database of Vascular Plants of Canada. Online. Available: http://data.canadensys.net/vascan/ (Accessed 2025).
  2. Douglas, G.W., D. Meidinger, and J. Pojar, editors. 1999. The Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Volume 4. Dicotyledons (Orobanchaceae through Rubiaceae). British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks and British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria.
  3. Giblin, D., 2025. Galium kamtschaticum (boreal bedstraw). Burke Herbarium Image Collection; University of Washington. Online. Available: https://burkeherbarium.org/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Galium%20kamtschaticum (Accessed 2025).
  4. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  5. Hulten, E. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford Univ. Press, Palo Alto, CA. 1008 pp.
  6. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  7. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  8. Native Plant Trust. 2025. Go Botany website. Online. Available: https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org (accessed 2025).
  9. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  10. Plants of the World Online (POWO). 2025. Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Online. Available: https://powo.science.kew.org/ (accessed 2025).
  11. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  12. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).