Elatine brachysperma

Gray

Shortseed Waterwort

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.149608
Element CodePDELT02030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderTheales
FamilyElatinaceae
GenusElatine
Synonyms
Elatine triandra var. brachysperma(Gray)Fassett
Other Common Names
Élatine à graines courtes (FR) shortseed waterwort (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-07-09
Change Date1988-08-04
Edition Date2024-07-09
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Elatine brachysperma is an annual herb occurring along muddy shores or in shallow water in ponds, wetlands, or reservoirs in western North America from British Columbia, Canada south to California, east to Georgia, and north to Ohio in the United States, and also in Mexico and South America. Threats to this species likely include development, water diversion, alteration of hydrology, erosion, succession, recreational activities, and invasive species. However, with a large range extent, 81-300+ occurrences, and broad habitat preferences for abundant habitat, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Elatine brachysperma occurs in western North America from British Columbia, Canada south to California, east to Georgia, and north to Ohio in the United States (FNA 2016). This species also occurs in Baja, Mexico and South America in Argentina. Range extent was estimated to be over 5 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are 100 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024). However, given that there are minimal herbarium records, low collection effort due to perceived and real identification challenges, and limited annotations to affirm identifications of existing specimens, this estimate is certainly not representative of the species true abundance.
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Elatine brachysperma is likely threatened by development, water diversion, alteration of hydrology, erosion, succession, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places, though there is insufficient data, including anecdotal accounts, to understand scope and severity of threats for this species.
Ecology & Habitat

Description

Short-seeded Water-wort is a tiny, glabrous annual, growing submerged or exposed, that roots freely at the nodes and forms small mats. The opposite, linear- to spatula- shaped, entire margined leaves are usually less than 1 cm long. The minute flowers are borne solitary and sessile in the leaf axils and have sepals, petals, and stamens in sets of 2 or 3, and a single pistil. The mature fruits are thin, transparent walled, 2 or 3 celled capsules the size of a pin head. The seeds are regularly reticulate with 10-15 pits in each of 6-8 longitudinal rows.

Habitat

Elatine brachysperma occurs on muddy shores and shallow water, in ponds, wetlands, or reservoirs (FNA 2016, CalFlora 2024, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2024).
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN1
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS1Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
NebraskaS1Yes
OklahomaSNRYes
ArizonaS2Yes
New MexicoSNRYes
NevadaS1Yes
OhioSHYes
TexasSNRYes
OregonS1Yes
WyomingS1Yes
MontanaSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
LouisianaSNRYes
MinnesotaSNRYes
GeorgiaS2Yes
ColoradoS1Yes
IllinoisSNRYes
AlabamaSNRYes
CaliforniaSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationANNUAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
Arizona (1)
AreaForestAcres
Upper Rincon RoadlessCoronado National Forest2,991
References (8)
  1. CalFlora. 2024. Information on California plants for education, research and conservation. Berkeley, California: The CalFlora Database [web application]. Available: http://www.calflora.org/. (Accessed 2024).
  2. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2016. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 12. Magnoliophyta: Vitaceae to Garryaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 603 pp.
  3. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  4. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  6. Razifard, H., G. C. Tucker, and D.H. Les. 2020. Flora of North America: <i>Elatine brachysperma</i>. Accessed: September 14, 2022. http://floranorthamerica.org/Elatine_brachysperma
  7. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  8. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2024. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of March 4, 2024. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2203 pp.