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Euphrasia subarctica

Raup

Arctic Eyebright

G5Secure Found in 3 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →

G5SecureGlobal Rank

Identity

Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.735506

Element CodePDSCR0P0Q0

Record TypeSPECIES

ClassificationSpecies

Classification StatusStandard

Name CategoryVascular Plant

Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations

KingdomPlantae

PhylumAnthophyta

ClassDicotyledoneae

OrderScrophulariales

FamilyOrobanchaceae

GenusEuphrasia

Synonyms

Euphrasia arctica var. disjuncta(Fern. & Wieg.) Cronq.

Other Common Names

arctic eyebright (EN) Euphraise subarctique (FR) Subarctic Eyebright (EN)

Concept Reference

Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.

Taxonomic Comments

Euphrasia subarctica in the sense treated by Kartesz's 1994 checklist does not include any of what has been called E. arctica var. disjuncta. In the 1999 checklist, E. subarctica does include part of E. arctica var. disjuncta. The geographic distribution of the two is not signficantly different at the level of province/state - it appears that reports of E. arctica var. disjuncta (referred to as E. disjuncta by Kartesz 1994) which occurred in the same provinces or states as E. subarctica have been re-interpreted as E. subarctica.

Conservation Status

Rank MethodExpertise without calculation

Review Date2016-08-17

Change Date2004-05-27

Ecology & Habitat

Description

Arctic Eyebright is a small annual with simple or few-branched stems that are up to 10 cm tall. The opposite, stalkless, egg-shaped leaves are 2-10 mm long, have toothed margins, and are sparsely hairy and glandular. Flowers are solitary in the axils of the reduced upper leaves. The white corolla is 3-5 mm long and has a hood-shaped upper lip and a 3-lobed lower lip. The 4-lobed calyx is nearly as long as the corolla. The fruit is a hairy, flattened, many-seeded capsule.

Diagnostic Characteristics

A hand lens will be needed to observe this diminutive plant. RHINANTHUS CRISTA-GALI has narrower, lance-shaped leaves, a yellow corolla, and an inflated calyx in fruit.

Habitat

Open ground.

Other Nations (2)

CanadaN4

Province	Rank	Native
Manitoba	SU	Yes
Alberta	S3	Yes
Quebec	SNR	Yes
Northwest Territories	S4	Yes
Yukon Territory	S4	Yes
British Columbia	S4	Yes
Saskatchewan	S3	Yes

United StatesNNR

Province	Rank	Native
Montana	S2	Yes
Alaska	SNR	Yes

Plant Characteristics

Economic Value (Genus)No

Roadless Areas (3)

Alaska (3)

Area	Forest	Acres
Bering Lake	Chugach National Forest	965,076
College Fiord	Chugach National Forest	1,130,818
Fidalgo-Gravina	Chugach National Forest	257,968

References (3)

Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2019. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 17: Magnoliophyta: Tetrachondraceae to Orobanchaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 737 pp.
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.