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Mylocheilus caurinus

(Richardson, 1836)

Peamouth

G5Secure Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100544
Element CodeAFCJB24010
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyLeuciscidae
GenusMylocheilus
Other Common Names
Méné deux-barres (FR)
Concept Reference
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
First described as Cyprinus (Leuciscus) caurinus. Weisel (1954, 1955a, 1955b) reported on hybridization (Lee et al. 1980). Hybrids between Mylocheilus caurinus caurinus and Richardsonius balteatus are common in Stave Lake, British Columbia (Aspinwall et al., 1993a, 1993b). Hybridizes with Ptychocheilus oregonensis.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-02-09
Change Date1996-09-16
Range Extent Comments
Columbia River drainage in northern Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and Washington; Nass (Pacific Slope) and Peace (Arctic basin) river systems in British Columbia; Vancouver Island and other islands off the coast of British Columbia; common, locally abundant (Lee et al. 1980, Wydoski and Whitney 1979, Page and Burr 1991). Lee et al. (1980) mentioned occurrence in Athabasca River, Alberta, but did not map this locality; Page and Burr (1991) did not indicate the occurrence of this species in Alberta.
Occurrences Comments
This species is represented by a large number of subpopulations and locations.
Threat Impact Comments
Localized threats may exist, but on a range-wide scale no major threats are known.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Lakes, slow parts of small to medium rivers; weedy shallows; most common in vegetation. Limited tolerance for brackish water (Scott and Crossman 1973). Found near bottom in water less than 60 ft deep (Wydoski and Whitney 1979). Winters in deep parts of lakes. May occur in shallows at night, deep water by day. Spawns in streams or along lake shores, over gravel or rubble, in shallow water within 3 ft of shore (Brown 1971).

Ecology

Lives in schools. May live 13 years or more and reach 14" in length (Wydoski and Whitney 1979). Predators include fish-eating birds and mammals.

Reproduction

Spawns May-June when water temperatures are 54-64 F. Females of 11-13" each produce 11000-16000 eggs. At 54 F eggs hatch in 7-8 days (Brown 1971). Sexually mature at age 3-4 years.
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS5Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
OregonS4Yes
WashingtonS5Yes
IdahoS4Yes
MontanaS3Yes
Roadless Areas (4)
Idaho (1)
AreaForestAcres
West Meadow CreekNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest115,949
Montana (1)
AreaForestAcres
Buckhorn Ridge (MT)Kootenai National Forest34,716
Oregon (2)
AreaForestAcres
Imnaha FaceWallowa-Whitman National Forest29,575
Sheep DivideWallowa-Whitman National Forest16,201
References (20)
  1. Aspinwall, N., D. Carpenter, and J. Bramble. 1993a. The ecology of hybrids between the peamouth, <i>Mylocheilus caurinus</i>, and the redside shiner, <i>Richardsonius balteatus</i>, at Stave Lake, British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71(1):83-90.
  2. Aspinwall, N., J.D. McPhail and A. Larson. 1993b. A long-term study of hybridization between the peamouth, <i>Mylocheilus caurinus</i>, and the redside shiner, <i>Richardsonius balteatus</i>, at Stave Lake, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 71(3):550-560
  3. Brown, C. J. D. 1971. Fishes of Montana. Big Sky Books, the Endowment and Research Foundation, Montana State University, Bozeman. MT. 207 pp.
  4. Holton, G. D., and H. E. Johnson. 1996. A field guide to Montana fishes. 2nd edition. Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Montana State Parks and wildlife Interpretive Association, Helena, Montana. 104 pp.
  5. Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina. i-x + 854 pp.
  6. Master, L. L. 1996. Synoptic national assessment of comparative risks to biological diversity and landscape types: species distributions. Summary Progress Report submitted to Environmental Protection Agency. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia. 60 pp.
  7. Master, L. L. and A. L. Stock. 1998. Synoptic national assessment of comparative risks to biological diversity and landscape types: species distributions. Summary Report submitted to Environmental Protection Agency. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA. 36 pp.
  8. Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
  9. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
  10. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
  11. Page, L. M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, R. L. Mayden, and J. S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
  12. Page, L. M., K. E. Bemis, T. E. Dowling, H.S. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, K. E. Hartel, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, M. A. Neigbors, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, and H. J. Walker, Jr. 2023. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
  13. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
  14. Scott, W. B., and E. J. Crossman. 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin 184. 966 pp.
  15. Simpson, J. and R. Wallace. 1982. Fishes of Idaho. The University Press of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho. 238 pp.
  16. Wallace, Richard L. (Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. March 2000.
  17. Weisel, G.F. 1954. A rediscovered cyprinid hybrid from western Montana, <i>Mylocheilus caurinum </i>× <i>Richardsonius balteatus balteatus</i>. Copeia 1954(4):278-282.
  18. Weisel, G.F. 1955a. Three new intergeneric hybirds of cyprinid fishes from western Montana. American Midland Naturalist 53(2):396-411.
  19. Weisel, G.F. 1955b. The osteology of <i>Mylocheilus caurinum </i>× <i>Ptychocheilus oregonense</i>, a cyprinid hybrid, compared with its parental species. Journal of Morphology 96(2):333-357.
  20. Wydoski, R. S., and R. R. Whitney. 1979. Inland fishes of Washington. The University of Washington Press, Seattle. 220 pp.