Lespedeza frutescens

(L.) Hornem.

Shrubby Bushclover

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.131940
Element CodePDFAB270F0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderFabales
FamilyFabaceae
GenusLespedeza
Synonyms
Lespedeza violacea(L.) Pers.
Other Common Names
Lespédèze intermédiaire (FR) shrubby lespedeza (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
This material appears to have been called Lespedeza violacea by Kartesz in 1994, but is called Lespedeza frutescens by Kartesz in 1999. According to Reveal and Barrie (1991), Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. is the correct name for what had been referred to as Lespedeza intermedia in many floras (including Kartesz 1994). Consequently, "Lespedeza frutescens (L.) Hornem. must now be taken up for what has been known as L. violacea."
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-05-09
Change Date1985-10-11
Edition Date2025-05-09
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Lespedeza frutescens is a perennial forb occurring in open deciduous and alluvial woodlands, prairie remnants, ruderal areas, on limestone and sandy soils of eastern North America, from Ontario, Canada and Maine south to Florida, west to Texas, and north to Nebraska in the United States. There are over 300 estimated occurrences of this taxon, which are potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way construction and maintenance, succession, logging, invasive species, and other threats in some places. This species has been attributed to Lespedeza violacea in past floras, which has led to confusion within the genus. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent, high number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, Lespedeza frutescens is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Lespedeza frutescens occurs in eastern North America, from Ontario, Canada and Maine south to Florida, west to Texas, and north to Nebraska in the United States (FNA 2023). Range extent was estimated to be over 2,500,000 square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are more than 300 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Lespedeza frutescens is potentially threatened by development, rights-of-way construction and maintenance, succession, logging, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, they are considered negligible given the broad range and large number of occurrences of the species and its somewhat flexible and abundant habitat, as well as no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Lespedeza frutescens occurs in "open deciduous, dry upland woodlands, prairie fragments, alluvial woodlands, ruderal areas, limestone or sandy soils" from 0-900 m in elevation (FNA 2023).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandWoodland - HardwoodGrassland/herbaceous
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN1
ProvinceRankNative
OntarioS1Yes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
MassachusettsS3Yes
North CarolinaS2Yes
ConnecticutSNRYes
MichiganSNRYes
ArkansasSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
DelawareS4Yes
AlabamaSNRYes
IllinoisSNRYes
PennsylvaniaSNRYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
VirginiaS4Yes
New HampshireSNRYes
Rhode IslandSNRYes
LouisianaSNRYes
KansasS4Yes
KentuckyS4Yes
VermontS1Yes
MississippiSNRYes
TexasSNRYes
OklahomaSNRYes
New JerseyS3Yes
IndianaSNRYes
South CarolinaSUYes
New YorkS3Yes
FloridaSNRYes
District of ColumbiaS1Yes
GeorgiaSNRYes
MissouriSNRYes
OhioSNRYes
NebraskaS1Yes
MarylandS3Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (1)
Missouri (1)
AreaForestAcres
Swan Creek Rare II Study AreaMark Twain National Forest7,310
References (10)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2023. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 11. Magnoliophyta: Fabaceae, parts 1+2. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxvii + 1108 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  6. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  8. Reveal, J. L. and F. R. Barrie. 1991. On the identity of <i>Hedysarum violaceum</i> Linnaeus (Fabaceae). Phytologia 71(6): 456-461.
  9. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).
  10. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2025. Flora of the southeastern United States Web App. Edition of February 18, 2025. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Online. Available: https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu (accessed 2025).