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Troglodytes hiemalis

Vieillot, 1819

Winter Wren

G5Secure Found in 38 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.866835
Element CodeABPBG09100
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderPasseriformes
FamilyTroglodytidae
GenusTroglodytes
Other Common Names
Chivirín Chochín (ES) Troglodyte des forêts (FR) winter wren (EN)
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). Chesser, R.T., R.C. Banks, F.K. Barker, C. Cicero, J.L. Dunn, A.W. Kratter, I.J. Lovette, P.C. Rasmussen, J.V. Remsen, Jr., J.D. Rising, D.F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2010. Fifty-first supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. The Auk 127(3):726-744.
Taxonomic Comments
Troglodytes hiemalis was formerly included in T. troglodytes (Linnaeus 1758) [Eurasian Wren], but here considered specifically distinct on the basis of differences in vocalizations (Kroodsma 1980, Hejl et al. 2002) and mitochondrial DNA (Drovetski et al. 2004) (AOU 2010).
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2016-04-10
Change Date1996-12-03
Range Extent Comments
Breeds from northeastern British Columbia, northern Alberta, central Saskatchewan, central Manitoba, northern Ontario, central Quebec, extreme southern Labrador, and Newfoundland south to southeastern Manitoba, northcentral and northeastern Minnesota, southern Wisconsin, central Michigan, southern Ontario, northeastern Ohio, in the Appalachians through eastern West Virginia, western Maryland, western Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and western North Carolina to northeastern Georgia, and to northern Pennsylvania, northern New Jersey, and southeastern New York.

Winters from eastern Colorado, southern Nebraska, southern Minnesota, eastern Iowa, southern Michigan, southern Ontario, central New York, and Massachusetts (casually farther north to southern Quebec and Newfoundland) south to California (casual), Arizona (casual) and southern New Mexico, Nuevo Leon (casual in Coahuila), southern Texas, the Gulf coast, and central (perhaps casually southern) Florida.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Coniferous forest (especially spruce and fir) and mixed forests, primarily with dense understory; in migration and winter also in deciduous forest and woodland with dense undergrowth and tree-falls, dense hedgerows, and brushy fields (AOU 2010).

Reproduction

Clutch size is 4-7 (commonly 5-6). Incubation, by female, lasts 14-17 days. Young are tended by both parents, leave nest in 15-20 days.
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest - HardwoodForest - ConiferForest - MixedWoodland - HardwoodWoodland - ConiferWoodland - MixedShrubland/chaparral
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5B,N4N
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS3BYes
LabradorS2B,SUMYes
OntarioS5B,S4NYes
Northwest TerritoriesS4Yes
AlbertaS4BYes
QuebecS5BYes
Prince Edward IslandS5BYes
Yukon TerritoryS1BYes
Island of NewfoundlandS3B,SUMYes
ManitobaS5BYes
NunavutSUBYes
New BrunswickS5BYes
Nova ScotiaS5BYes
SaskatchewanS5BYes
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
NebraskaSNRNYes
New YorkS5Yes
LouisianaS4NYes
KentuckyS4NYes
ArkansasS4NYes
North DakotaSNAYes
OhioS2Yes
District of ColumbiaS2NYes
ColoradoSNAYes
South CarolinaS4NYes
South DakotaSUB,S4NYes
Rhode IslandS1B,S2NYes
MissouriSNRNYes
MichiganS5Yes
MinnesotaSNRBYes
MarylandS2BYes
TexasS4NYes
DelawareSNAYes
PennsylvaniaS4B,S4N,S4MYes
KansasS3NYes
New JerseyS3B,S4NYes
WisconsinS4BYes
IllinoisSNAYes
MassachusettsS4B,S4NYes
GeorgiaS4Yes
New MexicoS3NYes
VermontS5BYes
VirginiaS2B,S4NYes
IowaSNAYes
IndianaSNAYes
MississippiSNAYes
Navajo NationS3NYes
OklahomaS2NYes
West VirginiaS4B,S4NYes
North CarolinaS3B,S5NYes
New HampshireS5Yes
AlabamaS5NYes
MaineS4N,S5BYes
ConnecticutS5BYes
FloridaSNAYes
TennesseeS3B,S4NYes
Roadless Areas (38)
Arkansas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Pedestal RocksOzark-St. Francis National Forest21,957
Georgia (2)
AreaForestAcres
Indian Grave GapChattahoochee National Forest1,020
Rocky MountainChattahoochee National Forest4,269
Minnesota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Brule Lake - Eagle MountainSuperior National Forest12,380
Mississippi (1)
AreaForestAcres
Sandy Creek Rare Ii AreaHomochitto National Forest2,620
New Hampshire (9)
AreaForestAcres
Carr MountainWhite Mountain National Forest17,110
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
JobildunkWhite Mountain National Forest3,660
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
Mt. Wolf - Gordon PondWhite Mountain National Forest11,846
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
Sandwich RangeWhite Mountain National Forest16,797
Wild RiverWhite Mountain National Forest46,878
New Mexico (4)
AreaForestAcres
GallinasSanta Fe National Forest13,208
Last Chance CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
South Guadalupe MountainsLincoln National Forest20,930
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
North Carolina (5)
AreaForestAcres
Balsam ConePisgah National Forest10,591
BearwallowPisgah National Forest4,113
Big Indian (addition)Nantahala National Forest1,155
Laurel MountainPisgah National Forest5,683
Wesser BaldNantahala National Forest4,061
Pennsylvania (1)
AreaForestAcres
Allegheny FrontAllegheny National Forest7,430
Tennessee (5)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainCherokee National Forest11,743
Brushy RidgeCherokee National Forest7,469
Devil's BackboneCherokee National Forest4,287
Sycamore CreekCherokee National Forest6,984
Upper Bald RiverCherokee National Forest9,202
Vermont (3)
AreaForestAcres
Bread LoafGreen Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,768
Lye Brook Addition 09085Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,111
Woodford 09086Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests2,456
Virginia (5)
AreaForestAcres
Brush MountainJefferson National Forest6,002
Oak KnobGeorge Washington National Forest10,882
Seng MountainJefferson National Forest6,428
The PriestGeorge Washington National Forest5,737
Three RidgesGeorge Washington National Forest4,745
West Virginia (1)
AreaForestAcres
Middle MountainMonongahela National Forest19,020
References (14)
  1. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1983. Check-list of North American Birds, 6th edition. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas. 877 pp.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). Chesser, R.T., R.C. Banks, F.K. Barker, C. Cicero, J.L. Dunn, A.W. Kratter, I.J. Lovette, P.C. Rasmussen, J.V. Remsen, Jr., J.D. Rising, D.F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2010. Fifty-first supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. The Auk 127(3):726-744.
  4. Bent, A.C. 1948. Life histories of North American nuthatches, wrens, thrashers, and their allies. U.S. National Museum Bulletin 195. Washington, DC.
  5. BirdLife International. 2004b. Threatened birds of the world 2004. CD ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.
  6. Harrison, C. 1978. A Field Guide to the Nests, Eggs and Nestlings of North American Birds. Collins, Cleveland, Ohio.
  7. Harrison, H. H. 1979. A field guide to western birds' nests. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 279 pp.
  8. Howell, S. N. G., and S. Webb. 1995. A guide to the birds of Mexico and northern Central America. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
  9. Parker III, T. A., D. F. Stotz, and J. W. Fitzpatrick. 1996. Ecological and distributional databases for neotropical birds. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  10. Peterson, R.T. 1980b. A field guide to the birds of eastern and central North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
  11. Peterson, R.T. 1990b. A field guide to western birds. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
  12. Sibley, C.G., and B.L. Monroe, Jr. 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. xxiv + 1111 pp.
  13. Sibley, D. A. 2000a. The Sibley guide to birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  14. Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.