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Buteo albonotatus

Kaup, 1847

Zone-tailed Hawk

G4Apparently Secure Found in 41 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.104066
Element CodeABNKC19090
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
CITESAppendix II
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderAccipitriformes
FamilyAccipitridae
GenusButeo
Other Common Names
Aguililla Aura, Gavilán Negro (ES) Buse à queue barrée (FR) Gavião-Caçador (PT)
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Conservation Status
Review Date1996-11-22
Change Date1996-11-22
Range Extent Comments
RESIDENT: northern Baja California, central Arizona, southern New Mexico, and western Texas south locally to Panama (including Pearl Islands), eastern Colombia (Santa Marta region south to Magdalena; east of the Andes in Meta, Caqueta, and Amazonas), northern and southeastern Venezuela (Zulia to Anzoategui, northeastern Bolivar), Trinidad, Guyana, Surinam, eastern Brazil (Isla Marajo, Ceara, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Parana), Paraguay, northern and eastern Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz), western Ecuador, and west-central Peru (near Lima) (Sibley and Monroe 1990). Center of abundance in U.S. is in central Arizona, with about a dozen known pairs in both New Mexico and southwestern Texas and a few recent sightings in California (Snyder and Glinski 1998).
Threat Impact Comments
Greatest threat in U.S. is loss of riparian nesting habitat; presence of DDT in several river systems is a concern in southwestern Texas (where contamination of lizard prey is documented) (Palmer 1988).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Arid open country, especially open deciduous or pine-oak woodland (AOU 1983). Mesa and mountain country, often near watercouses (NGS 1983). Wooded canyons and tree-lined rivers along middle slopes of desert mountains. Open country with scattered trees or thickets, especially near marshes or streams (Costa Rica, Stiles and Skutch 1989).

Nests in various habitats and sites, ranging from small trees in lower desert, giant cottonwoods in riparian areas and mature conifers in high mountain regions; often selects nest site close to cliff or steep hillside (which may provide some shading part of day) adapts well to regular low-level human activity (if not too close to nest) (Snyder and Glinski 1988). Nests usually in large tree in U.S., often in cottonwood along canyon stream (Terres 1980). In Costa Rica, nests high in tree, often in gallery woodland (Stiles and Skutch 1989). Often uses same nest tree for many years (Snyder and Glinski 1988).

Reproduction

Egg dates: mid-April to mid-May in Arizona; late March to mid-May in Texas. Nesting begins November-December in Central America. Breeds February-March in Trinidad (Palmer 1988). Eggs laid mostly in latter half of April in north (U.S.). Clutch size 1-3 (usually 2). Incubation about 35 days, primarily by female. Young attain flight in 6-7 weeks (July-August in north).
Terrestrial Habitats
Woodland - HardwoodWoodland - MixedShrubland/chaparral
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN4B
ProvinceRankNative
ArizonaS4Yes
TexasS3BYes
New MexicoS3B,S3NYes
Roadless Areas (41)
Arizona (21)
AreaForestAcres
Arnold MesaPrescott National Forest12,286
BoulderTonto National Forest40,359
Burro CanyonKaibab National Forest19,928
Butterfly Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest42,296
Catalina St. Pk. Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest951
Cdo WsaCoronado National Forest1,955
CenterfireApache-Sitgreaves National Forests13,130
ChiricahuaCoronado National Forest76,876
GaliuroCoronado National Forest28,333
GoldfieldTonto National Forest15,257
Happy ValleyCoronado National Forest7,972
Lime CreekTonto National Forest42,568
Lower RinconCoronado National Forest3,278
MazatzalTonto National Forest16,942
Middle Dragoon RoadlessCoronado National Forest10,543
NolanApache-Sitgreaves National Forests6,780
Oracle RoadlessCoronado National Forest22,365
Pine Mountain Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest6,518
Sierra Ancha Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest7,787
TumacacoriCoronado National Forest44,594
WhetstoneCoronado National Forest20,728
California (4)
AreaForestAcres
CalienteCleveland National Forest5,953
Dry LakesLos Padres National Forest17,043
MatilijaLos Padres National Forest5,218
NordhoffLos Padres National Forest12,031
New Mexico (16)
AreaForestAcres
Aspen MountainGila National Forest23,784
Capitan MountainsLincoln National Forest14,069
Contiguous To Black & Aldo Leopold WildernessGila National Forest111,883
Contiguous To Gila Wilderness & Primitive AreaGila National Forest79,049
Devils CreekGila National Forest89,916
Frisco BoxGila National Forest38,979
Gila BoxGila National Forest23,759
Guaje CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,104
Meadow CreekGila National Forest34,167
NolanGila National Forest13,051
Ortega PeakLincoln National Forest11,545
Peloncillo (NM)Coronado National Forest43,339
RendijaSanta Fe National Forest2,176
Ryan HillCibola National Forest34,201
Sawyers PeakGila National Forest59,743
South Guadalupe MountainsLincoln National Forest20,930
References (38)
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