Roadless Areas
Home/Species/ Arizona Grape

Vitis arizonica

Engelm.

Arizona Grape

G4Apparently Secure (G4G5) Found in 65 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
High - lowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.145392
Element CodePDVIT04030
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRhamnales
FamilyVitaceae
GenusVitis
Synonyms
Vitis treleaseiMunson ex Bailey
Other Common Names
canyon grape (EN) Canyon Grape (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Taxonomic Comments
Vitis arizonica hybridizes easily with Vitis girdiana, V. riparia, V. acerifolia, V. mustangensis, and V. cinerea, making distinction among species difficult (Riaz et al. 2020).
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2021-12-22
Change Date2021-12-22
Edition Date2021-12-22
Edition AuthorsMcCarry and Frances
Threat ImpactHigh - low
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Vitis arizonica is a woody vine that occurs in the western United States and in Mexico. Although it has a broad range, its distribution is disjunct and patchy. It forms natural hybrids with several other Vitis species, especially towards the outer boundaries of its range, sometimes making it difficult to determine the status of the non-hybridized species. Specific threats to Vitis arizonica are not well documented, but the habitats of southwestern Vitis species are impacted by several large-scale threats.
Range Extent Comments
Vitis arizonica occurs in the western United States and in Mexico. In the United States, it is present in Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. In Mexico, it is present in Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, and Sonora (Flora of North America 2016). Although it has a broad range, its distribution is disjunct and patchy (Morales-Cruz 2021; Walker et al 2019). The range extent is estimated to be between 1,000,000 and 2,000,000 square kilometers.
Threat Impact Comments
Although specific threats to Vitis arizonica are not well-documented, southwestern Vitis species are threatened by drought, invasive species, grazing, and herbicide use along highways (Fayyaz et al. 2021, Heinitz et al 2019).
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Vitis arizonica grows along stream banks and canyon bottoms (Flora of North America 2016). It is generally found in wetter niches within dry areas, such as creeks (Riaz 2020).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/Woodland
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDRiparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesNNR
ProvinceRankNative
TexasSNRYes
ArizonaSNRYes
NevadaS3Yes
New MexicoSNRYes
ColoradoSNRYes
UtahS1Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureUnknownUnknownUnknown
2.3 - Livestock farming & ranchingUnknownUnknownUnknown
2.3.3 - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farmingUnknownUnknownUnknown
8 - Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseasesUnknownUnknownUnknown
8.1 - Invasive non-native/alien species/diseasesUnknownUnknownUnknown
9 - PollutionUnknownUnknownUnknown
9.3 - Agricultural & forestry effluentsUnknownUnknownUnknown
9.3.3 - Herbicides and pesticidesUnknownUnknownUnknown
11 - Climate change & severe weatherUnknownUnknownUnknown
11.2 - DroughtsUnknownUnknownUnknown

—

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (65)
Arizona (39)
AreaForestAcres
Arnold MesaPrescott National Forest12,286
Barbershop CanyonCoconino National Forest1,311
Blind Indian CreekPrescott National Forest26,847
BoulderTonto National Forest40,359
Butterfly Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest42,296
Campbell BlueApache-Sitgreaves National Forests7,003
Catalina St. Pk. Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest951
Cdo WsaCoronado National Forest1,955
CenterfireApache-Sitgreaves National Forests13,130
ChiricahuaCoronado National Forest76,876
East Clear CreekCoconino National Forest1,613
GaliuroCoronado National Forest28,333
Happy ValleyCoronado National Forest7,972
Hell HoleApache-Sitgreaves National Forests15,512
Horse MesaTonto National Forest9,146
Hot AirApache-Sitgreaves National Forests31,712
Lime CreekTonto National Forest42,568
Lower Jacks CanyonCoconino National Forest777
Lower RinconCoronado National Forest3,278
Lower San FranciscoApache-Sitgreaves National Forests59,310
MazatzalTonto National Forest16,942
Middle Dragoon RoadlessCoronado National Forest10,543
Middle Romero WSRCoronado National Forest60
Mitchell PeakApache-Sitgreaves National Forests35,398
NolanApache-Sitgreaves National Forests6,780
Oracle RoadlessCoronado National Forest22,365
Painted BluffsApache-Sitgreaves National Forests43,118
PinalenoCoronado National Forest130,920
Pine Mountain Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest6,518
Pine Mountain Wilderness ContiguousPrescott National Forest3,129
PipestemApache-Sitgreaves National Forests34,598
Santa RitaCoronado National Forest6,078
Sheridan MountainPrescott National Forest37,600
Sierra Ancha Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest7,787
SunsetApache-Sitgreaves National Forests28,948
TumacacoriCoronado National Forest44,594
Upper Romero WsrCoronado National Forest150
Walker MountainCoconino National Forest6,382
WhetstoneCoronado National Forest20,728
Nevada (3)
AreaForestAcres
Charleston - CarpenterHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest17,828
La Madre - TroutHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest2,101
Stirling - West DHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest134
New Mexico (19)
AreaForestAcres
Apache Kid ContiguousCibola National Forest67,542
Aspen MountainGila National Forest23,784
Capitan MountainsLincoln National Forest14,069
Contiguous To Black & Aldo Leopold WildernessGila National Forest111,883
Contiguous To Gila Wilderness & Primitive AreaGila National Forest79,049
Devils CreekGila National Forest89,916
Dry CreekGila National Forest26,719
Gila BoxGila National Forest23,759
Hell HoleGila National Forest19,553
Last Chance CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
Meadow CreekGila National Forest34,167
Mother HubbardGila National Forest5,895
NolanGila National Forest13,051
Ortega PeakLincoln National Forest11,545
Ryan HillCibola National Forest34,201
Sawyers PeakGila National Forest59,743
South Guadalupe MountainsLincoln National Forest20,930
Virgin CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,068
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
Utah (4)
AreaForestAcres
CottonwoodDixie National Forest6,754
MogotsuDixie National Forest16,762
Moody WashDixie National Forest31,835
Pine Valley MountainsDixie National Forest57,673
References (11)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2016. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 12. Magnoliophyta: Vitaceae to Garryaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 603 pp.
  2. Heinitz C.C., J. Uretsky, J.C. Dodson Peterson, K.G. Huerta-Acosta, M.A. Walker. 2019. Crop Wild Relatives of Grape (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.) Throughout North America. Pages 329-351 in: S. Greene, K. Williams, C. Khoury, M. Kantar, L. Marek, editors. North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 2. Springer, Cham.
  3. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  4. Khoury, C. K., S. Greene, J. Wiersema, N. Maxted, A. Jarvis, and P. C. Struik. 2013. An inventory of crop wild relatives of the United States. Crop Science 53(4):1496-1508.
  5. Morales-Cruz, A., J. A. Aguirre-Liguori, Z. Yongfeng, A. Minio, S. Riaz, A. M. Walker, C. Dario, and B. S. Gaut. 2021. Introgression among North American wild grapes (<i>Vitis</i>) fuels biotic and abiotic adaptation. Genome biology 22(1): 1-27.
  6. Padgett-Johnson, M., L. E. Williams, and M. A. Walker. 2003. Vine water relations, gas exchange, and vegetative growth of seventeen <i>Vitis </i>species grown under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions in California. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 128(2): 269-276.
  7. Riaz, S., A. C. Tenscher, C. C. Heinitz, M. A. Walker, K. Huerta-Acosta. 2020. Genetic analysis reveals an east-west divide within North American <i>Vitis</i> species that mirrors their resistance to Pierce’s disease. PLoS ONE 15(12): e0243445.
  8. Riordan, E. C. and G. P. Nabhan. 2019. Trans situ conservation of crop wild relatives. Crop Science 59: 2387-2403.
  9. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS). 2021. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Ag Data Commons. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/search. (accessed 2021).
  10. Walker, M.A., C.C. Heinitz, S. Riaz, and J. Uretsky. 2019. Grape Taxonomy and Germplasm. Pages 25-38: in D. Cantu and M.A. Walker, editors. The Grape Genome. Springer, Cham, Switzerland.
  11. Walker, M.A., S. Riaz, K. P. Fort, C. C. Heinitz, J. Uretsky, D. Pap. 2017. The history of grape rootstocks and how future needs might be addressed. ACE (Acenologia) Revista de enologia 161(2017):1.Online. Available: EnoReports.com (accessed 13 July 2017).