Uta stansburiana

Baird and Girard, 1852

Common Side-blotched Lizard

G5Secure Found in 217 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
LowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106390
Element CodeARACF17010
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassReptilia
OrderSquamata
FamilyPhrynosomatidae
GenusUta
Other Common Names
common side-blotched lizard (EN) Side-blotched Lizard (EN)
Concept Reference
Pack, L. E., and W. W. Tanner. 1970. A taxonomic comparison of Uta stansburiana of the Great Basin and the upper Colorado River Basin in Utah, with a description of a new subspecies. The Great Basin Naturalist 30(2):71-90.
Taxonomic Comments
Upton and Murphy (1997) presented mtDNA evidence for a distant relationship between Uta specimens from Durango versus those from Baja California and surrounding islands (as well as one locality in western Sonora), and they considered the Durango population to constitute a different species, to which they applied the name U. stejnegeri. Corl et al. (2009) presented a phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA that is roughly congruent with previously recognized subspecies within the United States and corroborates the relatively distant relationship of U. s. stejnegeri to specimens from Baja California. Although these two studies are complementary in terms of geographic sampling, significant sampling gaps remain (central and eastern Nevada, northern Baja California, and the southeastern part of the distribution). Crother (2017) have therefore refrained from recognizing U. stejnegeri as a species pending a more comprehensive phylogeographic study.
Conservation Status
Review Date2005-08-25
Change Date2001-01-16
Edition Date2010-01-28
Edition AuthorsHammerson, G.
Threat ImpactLow
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Range Extent Comments
The geographic range extends from central and northeastern California, central and eastern Oregon, central Washington, southwestern Idaho, Utah, and western Colorado southward to the tip of Baja California, northern Sinaloa, and northern Zacatecas, Mexico, including many islands along the Pacific coast of Baja California and in the Gulf of California (Grismer 2002, Stebbins 2003). Elevational range extends from below sea level in desert sinks to about 2,750 meters (9,000 feet) (Stebbins 2003).

DNA data suggest long-established residency on Santa Catalina and San Clemente islands but more recent arrival for the populations on San Nicolas and Santa Cruz Islands, California (Mahoney et al. 2003).
Occurrences Comments
This lizard is represented by a very large number of occurrences or subpopulations.
Threat Impact Comments
No major threats have been identified.
Ecology & Habitat

Description

Side-blotched lizards are variable in color and pattern, being spotted, blotched, or unpatterned, depending on location. The scales along the middle of the back are of uniform size. Each side of chest has a dark blotch (a large blue-black streak is present in some males). The throat of adults is blue, with an orange rim in some regions (colors less intense in late summer). At least one scale on top of the head behind the eyes is obviously larger than the scales along the middle of the back. Maximum snout-vent length is about 2.5 inches (6.3 cm); average size of adults increases from north to south across the range. Mature males have two hemipenial swellings on the underside of the tail base and a pair of enlarged scales behind the vent on the underside of the tail. Source: Hammerson (1999).

Habitat

Habitats include a wide variety of arid and semiarid situations with scattered bushes and/or scrubby trees; soil may be sandy, gravelly, or rocky; the species is often found in sandy washes with scattered rocks and bushes (Stebbins 2003). Eggs are buried in sandy soil (Nussbaum et al. 1983).

Ecology

In Colorado, Tinkle (1967) and Tinkle and Woodward (1967) found that home range size is no more than a few hundred square meters, but individuals, especially males, sometimes make long-distance movements of up to a few hundred meters. Distance from the hatching site to the center of the home range was about 6 m in one female and 20-42 m (average 33 m) in four males.

Home range size in western Colorado averaged about 440-610 m2 in males and about 190-225 m2 in females (Tinkle 1967, Waldschmidt 1979, Christian and Waldschmidt 1984) Population density in Colorado was estimated at 25-44 adults/ha (see Hammerson 1982). Density ranged from 11 to 285 individuals/ha in 7 sites in California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington (mean 60/ha and 78/ha in two consecutive years) (Wilson 1991). May aggregate during hibernation in some areas.

Reproduction

In most of the range, courtship and mating occur in spring as lizards emerge from hibernation. Reproductive females produce 1-3 clutches of 1-5 eggs in the northern part of the range, 2-7 clutches of 1-8 eggs in the south. Egg laying begins as early as March in the south, by mid-April in Colorado, and extends through July or August in many areas. Females bury eggs in sandy soil. Eggs hatch in late July and August in Colorado, as early as late June in Texas, Nevada, and Idaho. Individuals become sexually mature in 1-2 years (Nussbaum et al. 1983, Hammerson 1999).
Terrestrial Habitats
Woodland - ConiferShrubland/chaparralGrassland/herbaceousDesert
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
NevadaS5Yes
TexasS5Yes
ColoradoS4Yes
WashingtonS3Yes
IdahoS4Yes
OregonS5Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
Navajo NationS5Yes
OklahomaS1Yes
New MexicoS5Yes
ArizonaS5Yes
UtahS5Yes
Roadless Areas (217)
Arizona (20)
AreaForestAcres
Black CanyonPrescott National Forest10,683
Black CrossTonto National Forest5,966
BoulderTonto National Forest40,359
Butterfly Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest42,296
Catalina St. Pk. Roadless AreaCoronado National Forest951
Cdo WsaCoronado National Forest1,955
ChiricahuaCoronado National Forest76,876
Coconino RimKaibab National Forest7,213
GaliuroCoronado National Forest28,333
GoldfieldTonto National Forest15,257
Grief HillPrescott National Forest12,535
Horse MesaTonto National Forest9,146
Lime CreekTonto National Forest42,568
MazatzalTonto National Forest16,942
Middle Romero WSRCoronado National Forest60
Oracle RoadlessCoronado National Forest22,365
PinalenoCoronado National Forest130,920
Red PointKaibab National Forest7,139
Sierra Ancha Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest7,787
Upper Romero WsrCoronado National Forest150
California (101)
AreaForestAcres
Andrews Mtn.Inyo National Forest9,912
AntimonyLos Padres National Forest40,911
Arroyo SecoAngeles National Forest4,703
Barker ValleyCleveland National Forest11,940
Bear MountainLos Padres National Forest913
Benton RangeInyo National Forest9,637
Big RocksLos Padres National Forest11,866
Birch CreekInyo National Forest28,816
Black ButteLos Padres National Forest5,116
Black CanyonInyo National Forest32,421
Black MountainLos Padres National Forest16,818
Black Mtn.Sequoia National Forest15,102
Boundary Peak (CA)Inyo National Forest210,884
Cactus Springs BSan Bernardino National Forest3,106
Cahuilla MountainSan Bernardino National Forest6,952
CajonSan Bernardino National Forest7,548
CalienteCleveland National Forest5,953
CamuesaLos Padres National Forest8,209
ChannellSequoia National Forest45,429
ChicoSequoia National Forest39,836
Circle MountainSan Bernardino National Forest6,375
City CreekSan Bernardino National Forest9,997
ColdwaterCleveland National Forest8,402
Coyote SoutheastInyo National Forest53,159
Crystal CreekSan Bernardino National Forest6,783
Cucamonga AAngeles National Forest1,249
Cucamonga BSan Bernardino National Forest11,933
Cucamonga CSan Bernardino National Forest4,106
Cutca ValleyCleveland National Forest14,530
CuyamaLos Padres National Forest19,631
Deep CreekSan Bernardino National Forest23,869
Deep WellsInyo National Forest7,681
DiableLos Padres National Forest19,597
Domeland Add.Sequoia National Forest3,046
Dry LakesLos Padres National Forest17,043
Eagle PeakCleveland National Forest6,481
Excelsior (CA)Inyo National Forest45,607
Fish CanyonAngeles National Forest29,886
Fox MountainLos Padres National Forest52,072
Glass MountainInyo National Forest52,867
Granite PeakSan Bernardino National Forest450
Greenhorn CreekSequoia National Forest28,226
Heartbreak RidgeSan Bernardino National Forest4,455
Hixon FlatSan Bernardino National Forest8,095
Horse Creek RidgeSan Bernardino National Forest8,969
HortonInyo National Forest5,717
JuncalLos Padres National Forest12,289
La BreaLos Padres National Forest14,031
La PanzaLos Padres National Forest4,954
LaddCleveland National Forest5,300
Little PineLos Padres National Forest1,315
Lpoor CanyonLos Padres National Forest13,762
Machesna MountainLos Padres National Forest12,271
Magic MountainAngeles National Forest15,542
Malduce BuckhornLos Padres National Forest14,177
ManzanaLos Padres National Forest2,101
MatilijaLos Padres National Forest5,218
Mill CreekSequoia National Forest27,643
Mill PeakSan Bernardino National Forest7,884
MonoLos Padres National Forest28,141
No NameCleveland National Forest4,897
NordhoffLos Padres National Forest12,031
PaiuteInyo National Forest58,712
Pine CreekCleveland National Forest503
Pleasant ViewAngeles National Forest26,395
Pyramid Peak BSan Bernardino National Forest7,194
QuatalLos Padres National Forest7,253
Raywood Flat BSan Bernardino National Forest11,373
Red MountainAngeles National Forest8,034
RinconSequoia National Forest54,610
Rock Creek WestInyo National Forest3,626
Rouse HillSan Bernardino National Forest13,745
Salt CreekAngeles National Forest11,022
San DimasAngeles National Forest7,160
San Gabriel AddAngeles National Forest2,527
San SevaineSan Bernardino National Forest6,866
Santa CruzLos Padres National Forest21,182
Sawmill - BadlandsLos Padres National Forest51,362
ScodiesSequoia National Forest725
Sespe - FrazierAngeles National Forest4,254
Sespe - FrazierLos Padres National Forest106,910
Sheep MountainAngeles National Forest21,098
Sill HillCleveland National Forest5,294
Soldier CanyonInyo National Forest40,589
South SierraSequoia National Forest8,008
South SierraInyo National Forest41,853
Stanley MountainLos Padres National Forest14,674
Strawberry PeakAngeles National Forest7,245
SugarloafSan Bernardino National Forest8,206
TequepisLos Padres National Forest9,080
TinemahaInyo National Forest27,060
TrabucoCleveland National Forest23,341
TuleAngeles National Forest9,861
West ForkAngeles National Forest1,169
WestforkAngeles National Forest4,407
Wheeler RidgeInyo National Forest15,744
White LedgeLos Padres National Forest18,632
WildhorseCleveland National Forest1,483
Wonoga Pk.Inyo National Forest11,272
WoodpeckerSequoia National Forest11,936
WoolstaffSequoia National Forest41,445
Idaho (1)
AreaForestAcres
Bear CreekCaribou-Targhee National Forest118,582
Nevada (56)
AreaForestAcres
Angel Peak NorthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest12,577
Angel Peak SouthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest6,540
Arc Dome - CarversHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest3,846
Arc Dome - Secret BsnHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest74,782
Aurora CraterHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,689
Bald Mtn.Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest41,598
Bank SpringsHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest18,126
Black SpringHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,016
Boundary Peak (NV)Inyo National Forest21,851
Brock SpringHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,324
ButlerHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest39,470
Charleston - Macks CynHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,378
Chineese Camp (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest15,207
CooperHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest9,889
Excelsior (NV)Inyo National Forest7,744
Grant - WiregrassHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest8,541
HuntoonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest36,281
Iron SpringHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest36,737
LampsonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest10,730
Larken LakeHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,159
Long ValleyHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest50,472
Lovell Summit SouthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest28,455
MckinneyHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,790
MillerHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,043
Moriah - Hendrys Ck.Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest2,345
Moriah - Red LedgeHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest670
Moriah - Rhodes Cyn. EHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest298
Moriah - Silver CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,582
Moriah - West SlopeHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest14,737
Mt. EtnaHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest20,527
Mt. HicksHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest15,698
North Shoshone PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest40,667
Paradise PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest18,717
Pine Grove NorthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest8,749
Pine Grove SouthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest88,945
PotosiHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,145
QuinnHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest62,459
Rock CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest31,552
Sam's CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,869
Santa RosaHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest54,555
SaulsburyHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest30,957
Snake - Big WashHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,146
Snake - Cedar SpurHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest35
Snake - ChokecherryHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest30,845
Snake - HatcheryHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,627
South SchellHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest125,614
Spanish PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest31,520
Table Mtn. - EastHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest87,789
Toiyabe RangeHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest99,225
Toquima CaveHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest43,147
Warm SpringsHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest29,540
West Silver CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,028
West Walker (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,683
White Pine Mtn.Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest25,244
White SageHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,993
WilhoitesHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest11,297
New Mexico (5)
AreaForestAcres
Alamo CanyonSanta Fe National Forest8,639
Jefferies CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
Ortega PeakLincoln National Forest11,545
Peloncillo (NM)Coronado National Forest43,339
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
South Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Indian CreekBuffalo Gap National Grassland24,666
Texas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Big CreekNational Forests in Texas1,447
Utah (32)
AreaForestAcres
0401007Ashley National Forest16,483
0419020Ashley National Forest355,684
418022Uinta National Forest17,289
418029Uinta National Forest15,673
AtchinsonDixie National Forest17,655
Beehive PeakFishlake National Forest59,137
Boulder Mtn. / Boulder Top / Deer LakeDixie National Forest110,690
Box - Death HollowDixie National Forest3,175
Bull ValleyDixie National Forest10,911
Capital ReefDixie National Forest763
Casto BluffDixie National Forest87,466
Cedar BenchDixie National Forest8,915
City CreekFishlake National Forest13,939
CottonwoodDixie National Forest6,754
Cove MountainDixie National Forest16,632
FishhookDixie National Forest12,959
Happy ValleyDixie National Forest14,458
Horse Mountain - Mans PeakManti-Lasal National Forest22,159
Lava BedsDixie National Forest14,944
Long Neck Mesa / Steep Creek / Oak Creek - Steep Creek / OakDixie National Forest55,489
Marysvale PeakFishlake National Forest22,624
MogotsuDixie National Forest16,762
Moody WashDixie National Forest31,835
Muddy Creek - Nelson Mt.Manti-Lasal National Forest59,034
North FrancisWasatch-Cache National Forest8,148
Oak CreekFishlake National Forest54,053
Pine Valley MountainsDixie National Forest57,673
PyramidsFishlake National Forest13,020
Signal PeakFishlake National Forest30,889
Stansbury MountainsWasatch-Cache National Forest39,696
Table Cliffs - Henderson CanyonDixie National Forest19,581
Wayne WonderlandFishlake National Forest12,395
References (26)
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  14. Nussbaum, R.A. and L.V. Diller. 1976. The life history of the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard,in north-central Oregon. Northwest Science 50(4):243-260.
  15. Nussbaum, R.A., E.D. Brodie, Jr., and R.M. Storm. 1983. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Pacific Northwest. University Press of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho. 332 pp.
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  17. Parker, W.S. and E.R. Pianka. 1975. Comparative ecology of populations of the lizard <i>Uta stansburiana</i>. Copeia 1975 (4):615-632.
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  20. Tinkle, D.W. 1967. The life and demography of the side- blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 132:1-182.
  21. Tinkle, D. W., and D. W. Woodward. 1967. Relative movements of lizards in natural populations as determined from recapture radii. Ecology 48:166-168.
  22. Upton, D. E., and R. W. Murphy. 1997. Phylogeny of the side-blotched lizards (Phrynosomatidae: <i>Uta</i>) based on myDNA sequences: support for a midpeninsular seaway in Baja California. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 8:104-113.
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  24. Waldschmidt, S. R. 1979. The effect of statistically based models on home range size estimate in <i>Uta stansburiana</i>. American Midland Naturalist 101:236-240
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