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Allium peninsulare

J.G. Lemmon ex Greene

Peninsular Onion

G4Apparently Secure (G4G5) Found in 18 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
Medium - lowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.132406
Element CodePMLIL021R0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassMonocotyledoneae
OrderAsparagales
FamilyAmaryllidaceae
GenusAllium
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2023-02-27
Change Date2023-02-27
Edition Date2023-02-27
Edition AuthorsEberly (2023)
Threat ImpactMedium - low
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Allium peninsulare occurs in the western United States in California and Oregon and Northwestern Mexico in Baja California. There are hundreds of occurrences, largely found in California and just over the border in Baja California. It is rare in Oregon. While this species may not have especially limited habitat or known intrinsic vulnerabilities, some parts of its range are likely threatened by development or conversion of lands for agriculture. This taxon may be globally secure but there isn't enough data to quantify it as such with confidence.
Range Extent Comments
Allium peninsulare occurs in the western United States in California and Oregon and Northwestern Mexico in Baja California and Baja California Sur (Villaseñor 2016, FNA 2002). Allium peninsulare var. franciscanum is endemic to to the San Francisco Bay Area of California (Jepson Flora Project 2023). Range extent was calculated using data from 1992 to 2023 (CCH2 2023, GBIF 2023).
Occurrences Comments
There are 260-300 occurrences estimated based on a 1 km separation distance applied to herbarium specimens or photo-based observation data collected between 1992 and 2023 (CCH2 2023, GBIF 2023). There are additional herbarium records that are not georeferenced and photo-based observations that need identifications confirmed. If older records are included, there are just over 300 occurrences. Most occurrences are in California and just over the border in Baja California. It is rare in Oregon.
Threat Impact Comments
There is insufficient data to assess threats; see each variety for additional information.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Allium peninsulare var. peninsulare grows on clay soils including serpentine of dry slopes and flats at elevations of 300 to 1,100 m (FNA 2002, Jepson Flora Project 2023). Allium peninsulare var. franciscanum occurs on dry hillsides of cismontane woodlands valley and foothill grasslands on clay soils, but typically on serpentine substrates (CNDDB 2023, Jepson Flora Project 2023).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandWoodland - MixedShrubland/chaparralGrassland/herbaceous
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN4
ProvinceRankNative
OregonS1Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentRestricted (11-30%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureRestricted (11-30%)Serious - moderateHigh (continuing)

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Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (18)
California (18)
AreaForestAcres
AntimonyLos Padres National Forest40,911
ChannellSequoia National Forest45,429
Cutca ValleyCleveland National Forest14,530
Eagle PeakCleveland National Forest6,481
Garcia MountainLos Padres National Forest7,850
Greenhorn CreekSequoia National Forest28,226
Hixon FlatSan Bernardino National Forest8,095
Horse Creek RidgeSan Bernardino National Forest8,969
Mill CreekSequoia National Forest27,643
No NameCleveland National Forest4,897
Pine CreekCleveland National Forest503
QuatalLos Padres National Forest7,253
Rouse HillSan Bernardino National Forest13,745
San DimasAngeles National Forest7,160
Sawmill - BadlandsLos Padres National Forest51,362
Stanley MountainLos Padres National Forest14,674
UnderwoodSix Rivers National Forest6,591
WildhorseCleveland National Forest1,483
References (9)
  1. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). 2023. RareFind Version 5.2.14. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento.
  2. CCH2 Portal. 2023. Consortium of California Herbaria. Online. Available: https//:www.cch2.org/portal/index.php (accessed 2023).
  3. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2002a. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 26. Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxvi + 723 pp.
  4. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2023. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2023).
  5. iNaturalist. 2022. Mexicali Onion (<i>Allium peninsulare</i>). Accessed August 31, 2022. https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/58356-Allium-peninsulare
  6. Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2023. Jepson eFlora. Online. Available: https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/ (accessed 2023).
  7. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  8. Munz, P.A., with D.D. Keck. 1959. A California flora. Univ. California Press, Berkeley. 1681 pp.
  9. Villaseñor, J.L. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 559-902.